Zitatform

Klammer, Ute & Simone Leiber (2004): Aktivierung und Eigenverantwortung in europäisch-vergleichender Perspektive. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 57, H. 9, S. 514-521.

Abstract

"Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit Aktivierung und Eigenverantwortung im europäischen Vergleich. Der erste Abschnitt beleuchtet die Rolle der genannten Konzepte in der Europäischen Beschäftigungsstrategie (EBS). Anschließend werden zwei EU-Länder, deren Strategien und Erfahrungen für das Thema besonders relevant erscheinen - nämlich Großbritannien und Dänemark - auf die jeweilige Ausgestaltung von Aktivierung und Eigenverantwortung in der Arbeitsmarktpolitik sowie auf den Einfluss der EBS hin untersucht. Eine exemplarische Analyse Polens verweist auf die neue Konstellation durch die EU-Osterweiterung. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass sich hinter der gemeinsamen Terminologie von Aktivierung und Eigenverantwortung in Europa unterschiedliche Interpretationen und Ausgestaltungen verbergen. Deutschland erweist sich als 'Latecomer' und könnte daher einige wichtige Erfahrungen anderer Länder (besser) nutzen. Abschließend wird die Frage diskutiert, wie ein sinnvolles Konzept von Aktivierung im Rahmen der europäischen Sozialpolitik(en) aussehen könnte." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Kok, Lucy, Jaap Anne Korteweg & Marc van der Meer (2004): Evaluatie Sluitende Aanpak 1998-2003. Onderzoek In opdracht van het Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid. Amsterdam.

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Lissenburgh, Stephen (2004): New Deal option effects on employment entry and unemployment exit. An evaluation using propensity score matching. In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 25, H. 5, S. 411-430. DOI:10.1108/01437720410554133

Abstract

"This paper uses propensity score matching techniques to evaluate the impact of new deal options on the chances of exiting unemployment for a cohort of entrants to the new deal for young people in Scotland between September 1998 and February 1999. The paper uses information from the new deal evaluation database and from a two-stage survey based on a random sample of the cohort. It finds that the employment option was the most effective of the new deal options, both in terms of increasing the likelihood of exit from unemployment by February 2001 and increasing the amount of time spent off by JSA from February 2000 to February 2001. Remaining on the Gateway was the next most effective route for clients to take with regard to reducing the amount of time spent on JSA and increasing the likelihood of JSA exit." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Nicaise, Ides & Thea Meinema (2004): Experimente zur sozialen Aktivierung in den Niederlanden. Synthesebericht des Peer Review Meeting, Den Haag, 15. und 16. Juni 2004. Wien, 29 S.

Abstract

"Am 15. und 16 Juni 2004 fand in Den Haag, Niederlande, das vierte Peer-Review- Seminar im aktuellen Peer-Review-Programm im Bereich der Bekämpfung sozialer Ausgrenzung statt. ... Bei diesem Treffen sollten der Erfolg der in den niederländischen Stadtbezirken zwischen 1996 und 2001 durchgeführten Versuche zur sozialen Aktivierung ausgewertet und die Möglichkeiten zur Übertragung dieser Initiativen auf andere EU Mitgliedstaaten eingeschätzt werden. Zwischen 1996 und 2001 flexibilisierte die niederländische Regierung das nationale Sozialhilfegesetz um zu erreichen, dass Menschen mit wenig Aussicht auf eine sichere Beschäftigung aktiver werden. Sie konnten z.B von ihrer Verpflichtung zur Arbeitssuche befreit werden, und unter der Bedingung, dass sie aktiv an einem Programm zur sozialen Aktivierung teilnahmen wurde ihnen gestattet, Vergütungen für Tätigkeiten wie (berufliche und andere) Trainings oder freiwillige Arbeit zu erhalten, ohne dass dies zu einer Reduzierung ihrer Unterstützung führte." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Ochel, Wolfgang (2004): Welfare-to-work experiences with specific work-first programmes in selected countries. (CESifo working paper 1153), München, 37 S.

Abstract

"This paper reviews the evidence of specific mandatory work-first programmes (job search assistance and workfare) for welfare recipients in the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany. It primarily refers to experimental and econometric evaluations. The effectiveness of specific programme elements in promoting the transition from welfare to work is compared. The advantage of combining work-first with training programmes and inwork benefits is discussed. Some policy conclusions are drawn." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Oorschot, Wim van (2004): Balancing work and welfare. Activation and flexicurity policies in The Netherlands, 1980-2000. In: International journal of social welfare, Jg. 13, H. 1, S. 15-27.

Abstract

"As a result of the flexibilisation of labour and the trend towards the 'activating welfare state', social policies show an increasing interconnection of work and welfare issues. The Netherlands is no exception. It is generally believed that the Dutch welfare state is successfully activating its unemployed labour potential (often referred to as the 'Dutch Miracle'), and that flexible and part-time work is protected by adequate 'flexicurity'. This article critically reviews Dutch activation and flexicurity policies. It concludes that there is still more unemployment than the miracle-story suggests; that important target groups of activation policies have not profited from 'die miracle'; that part-time workers have sufficient social protection but that social security for flex-workers still needs major improvements, despite favourable adjustments of labour law." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Salonen, Tapio & Rickard Ulmestig (2004): Nedersta trappsteget. En studie om kommunal aktivering. (Rapportserie i socialt arbete Nr. 1, 2004), Växjö.

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Wolff, Charlotte de & Arnold Veenkamp (2004): Uit de bijstand. De resultaten van trajectactiviteiten. Groningen, 105 S.

Abstract

"The objective of this report is to provide a brief overview of the UK labour market. The report gives an outline of the key institutional and legislative features underpinning the operation of the labour market, rather than analysing current performance. Accordingly, the first section of the report is a descriptive analysis of the key institutions shaping and implementing UK labour market policy. The characteristics and role of each institution is described. The second section of the report provides an overview of the legislative framework for employment in the UK, with particular emphasis on the instruments and processes by which the labour market is governed. The third section describes the measures currently in place, while the fourth section highlights available information and data sources on the UK labour market. The fifth chapter is devoted to Northern Ireland, this specific chapter contains information from the year 1999." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Great Britain, Department of Work and Pensions (2004): Employment zones - changes to the programme. (Department for Work and Pensions. Touchbase 35), London, S. 19.

Abstract

"Employment Zone contracts were originally awarded for two years from Spring 2000 but later extended until March this year. New, five-year contracts have now been awarded. In the new contracts, lone parents and people who would otherwise return to New Deal for Young People will also benefit. There are two types of contract - single provider Employment Zones, which were established on 27 October 2003 and multiple provider Zones, which started on 26 April 2004. In the multiple provider Zones, more than one contractor provides the service. This will test whether competition between providers dealing with the same client group, in the same labour market, will produce better performance." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Great Britain, Department of Work and Pensions (2004): Extra help for older people. (Department for Work and Pensions. Touchbase 36), London, S. 6.

Abstract

"From 25 October 2004, Pension Credit will be a qualifying benefit for Jobcentre Plus programmes. This means that people aged 60 and over who want to carry on working can use Jobcentre Plus programmes to help them find a job." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Bergmark, Ake (2003): Activated to work? Activation policies in Sweden in the 1990s. In: Revue Francaise des affaires sociales, Jg. 57, H. 4, S. 291-306.

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Bolvig, Iben, Peter Jensen & Michael Rosholm (2003): The employment effects of active social policy. (IZA discussion paper 736), Bonn, 46 S.

Abstract

"We analyse the effects of active social policy (ASP) on the dynamics of welfare dependence. We evaluate the impact of various ASP measures (employment and training) on the duration of welfare spells and subsequent employment spells, based on data from Denmark. The results show that employment measures improve the chances of leaving welfare dependence whereas training measures have detrimental effects on the exit rate from welfare spells. We investigate the optimal timing of ASP and show that there is a case for assigning individuals to early participation in employment programmes, as the net effect is larger the earlier participation begins." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Dahme, Heinz-Jürgen, Hans-Uwe Otto, Achim Trube & Norbert Wohlfahrt (Hrsg.) (2003): Soziale Arbeit für den aktivierenden Staat. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 439 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-322-87369-9

Abstract

"Der Umbau des Sozialstaates wird gegenwärtig in Deutschland parteiübergreifend unter verschiedenen Leitbildern debattiert. Aktivierender Staat, Bürgergesellschaft und bürgerschaftliches Engagement, Workfare statt Welfare, Institutionenmodernisierung, Neuordnung der Arbeitslosen- und Sozialhilfe, Ergebnis- und Wirkungsorientierung sozialer Dienste, Innere Sicherheit, Ordnungspolitik gegen Randgruppen u.ä. sind Diskurse, die den schon seit längerem laufenden Umbau des Sozialstaates widerspiegeln. Angel- und Drehpunkt aller Modernisierungsdiskurse ist die Kritik des Wohlfahrtsstaates, der immer weniger in der Lage ist, die Folgen der Arbeitslosigkeit und die Herausforderungen der Sozialpolitik in den Griff zu bekommen. Auch die sozialen Dienste werden zunehmend darauf verpflichtet, präventiv wie kompensatorisch ihren Beitrag zum Umbau des Sozialstaates und insbesondere zum Abbau oder zur Vermeidung von Arbeitslosigkeit zu leisten. Da sich die gegenwärtigen Modernisierungsdiskurse an einem Sozialmodell orientieren, das den aktivierten Bürger in den Mittelpunkt stellt, erwartet man auch von der Sozialen Arbeit einen Beitrag zur Entwicklung gesellschaftlicher Aktivierungsansätze. Die in dem Band versammelten Beiträge beleuchten Chancen und Risiken der in den verschiedenen Leitbildern enthaltenen Sozialmodelle und Umbaustrategien gleichermaßen und fragen, welche Herausforderungen sich für die Soziale Arbeit ergeben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Zitatform

Graversen, Brian Krogh (2003): An evaluation of the impact of Danish active social programmes on welfare dependence. Kopenhagen u.a., 40 S.

Abstract

"This paper uses a duration model framework to analyse to what extent the active social policy programmes targeted on welfare recipients in Denmark are successful in reducing the length of welfarespells. The focus in the paper is on estimating the significance of the pre-programme incentive effect (i.e. the potential increase in the exit rate from welfare to jobs when welfare recipients are facing the risk of being selected to participate in a programme). The pre-programme incentive effect is identified by the fact that the intended timing of the programmes differs among different administrators of the programmes. The locking-in effect and the treatment effect of programmes are estimated by using information on the actual timing of programmes. To avoid selection bias in the estimatedtreatment effects the empirical model accounts for possible selectivity in the inflow into programmes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Greenberg, David H., Charles Michalopoulos & Philip K. Robins (2003): A meta-analysis of government-sponsored training programs. In: Industrial and Labor Relations Review, Jg. 57, H. 1, S. 31-53.

Abstract

"This study uses meta-analysis to synthesize findings from 31 evaluations of 15 voluntary government-funded training programs for the disadvantaged that operated between 1964 and 1998. On average, the earnings effects of the evaluated programs seem to have been largest for women, quite modest for men, and negligible for youths. For men and women, the earnings effects of training appear to have persisted for at least several years after the training was complete. Classroom skills training was apparently effective in increasing earnings, but basic education was not. There is no evidence that more expensive training programs performed better than less expensive ones. Although the United States has more than three decades of experience in running training programs, the programs do not appear to have become more effective over time." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Ljungdahl, Birgitta (2003): Stockholm Matchning. Registeruppfölijming. Stockholms Stad.

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Rustenbach, Stephan Jeff (2003): Metaanalyse. Eine anwendungsorientierte Einführung. (Methoden der Psychologie 16), Bern u.a.: Hogrefe und Huber, 291 S., CD-ROM.

Abstract

"Mittels metaanalytischer Methoden können empirische Ergebnisse eines Forschungsbereichs systematisch zusammengefasst werden. Die resultierenden kumulativen Gesamtaussagen besitzen hohe praktische und theoretische Relevanz. In der klinischen Interventionsforschung zählt die Metaanalyse zu den bedeutsamsten und einflussreichsten Evaluationsmethoden. Das Buch dient als Nachschlagewerk und zugleich als praktische Anleitung zur Durchführung von Metaanalysen. Anschauliche Beispiele erleichtern das Verständnis." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Toorn, Marcel van (2003): Verborgen Talenten. De eerste twee jaar in kaart gebracht. Rotterdam, 59 S.

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Van Reenen, John (2003): Active labour market policies and the British new deal for the young unemployed in context. (NBER working paper 9576), Cambridge, Mass., 41 S. DOI:10.3386/w9576

Abstract

"The British New Deal for Young People began in January 1998. After 6 months of unemployment, 18-24 year olds are mandated to enter a 'Gateway' period where they are given extensive job search assistance. If they are unable to obtain an unsubsidised job, then they can enter one of four New Deal options. One of these is a job subsidy ( employers' option'), the others involve full-time education and training, government-provided employment ( environmental task force') or voluntary work. In this paper I evaluate the New Deal in a historical and international context. The toughening of the work search criterion has evolved since the Restart initiative in 1986. Using either the age-related eligibility criteria and/or a comparison of pilot and non-pilot areas results suggest that there has been a significant increase in outflows to employment due to the New Deal. Unemployed young men are now about 20% more likely to get jobs as a result of the policy (the stock of youth employment is about 17,000 higher than it would be without the New Deal). Much of this effect is likely to be because of the take up of the employer wage subsidy, but at least a fifth of the effect is due to enhanced job search. Taken as a whole I conclude that the social benefits of the New Deal outweigh the costs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))