Zitatform

Schulten, Thorsten (2016): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2016. Anhaltende Entwicklungsdynamik in Europa. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 69, H. 2, S. 129-135. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2016-2-129

Abstract

"Der WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2016 gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die Entwicklung der Mindestlöhne in 37 Staaten in- und außerhalb Europas. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden neueste Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Im Jahr 2015 setzte sich in vielen Ländern eine dynamischere Lohnentwicklung als in der Vergangenheit fort, die allerdings bereits in den Jahren 2015 und 2014 begonnen hatte. Aufgrund der niedrigen Inflationsraten konnten die Mindestlohnbezieher in vielen Ländern erhebliche Reallohnzuwächse verzeichnen. Um jedoch auch einen wirksamen Beitrag zur Bekämpfung von Deflationsgefahren zu leisten, müssten die Mindestlöhne auch in diesem Jahr deutlich ansteigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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International Labour Office (2016): Global wage report 2016/17. Wage inequality in the workplace. (Global wage report 05), Genf, 114 S.

Abstract

"The 2016/17 edition examines inequality at the workplace level, providing empirical evidence on the extent to which wage inequality is the result of wage inequality between enterprises as well as within enterprises. The report also includes a review of key policy issues regarding wages." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Garnero, Andrea, Stephan Kampelmann & François Rycx (2015): Sharp teeth or empty mouths? European institutional diversity and the sector-level minimum wage bite. In: BJIR, Jg. 53, H. 4, S. 760-788. DOI:10.1111/bjir.12104

Abstract

"The article explores the link between different institutional features of minimum wage systems and the minimum wage bite. We notably address the striking absence of studies on sectoral-level minima and exploit unique data covering 17 European countries and information from more than 1,100 collective bargaining agreements. Results provide evidence for a neglected trade-off: systems with bargained sectoral-level minima are associated with higher Kaitz indices than systems with statutory floors, but also with more individuals actually paid below prevailing minima. Higher collective bargaining coverage can, to some extent, reduce this trade-off between sharp teeth (high wage floors) and empty mouths (non-compliance/non-coverage)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Garnero, Andrea, Stephan Kampelmann & François Rycx (2015): Minimum wage systems and earnings inequalities. Does institutional diversity matter? In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 21, H. 2, S. 115-130. DOI:10.1177/0959680114527034

Abstract

"This article explores how the diversity of minimum wage systems affects earnings inequalities within European countries. It relies on the combination of harmonized microdata from household surveys, data on national statutory minimum wages and coverage rates and information on minimum rates compiled from more than 1100 sectoral-level agreements across Europe. The analysis covers 18 countries over the period 2007 - 2009. Empirical results confirm the intuition of many practitioners that the combination of sectoral minima and high collective bargaining coverage can be regarded as a functional equivalent of a binding statutory minimum wage, at least for earnings inequalities. Regression results suggest indeed that both a national statutory minimum and, in countries with sectoral minima, higher collective bargaining coverage is significantly associated with lower levels of (overall and inter-industry) wage inequalities and a smaller fraction of workers paid below prevailing minima. Several robustness checks confirm these findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Giulietti, Corrado (2015): Do minimum wages induce immigration? The minimum wage affects international migration flows and the internal relocation of immigrants. (IZA world of labor 151), Bonn, 10 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.151

Abstract

"An increase in the minimum wage in immigrant destination countries raises the earnings that low-skilled migrants could expect to attain if they were to migrate. While some studies for the US indicate that a higher minimum wage induces immigration, contrasting evidence shows that immigrants are less likely to move into areas with higher or more frequent increases in the minimum wage. These different findings seem to reflect different relocation decisions by immigrants who have lived in the US for several years, who are more likely to move in response to higher minimum wages, and by new immigrants, who are less likely to move." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Rumscheidt, Sabine (2015): Minimum wage regimes in the European Union. In: CESifo DICE report, Jg. 13, H. 2, S. 67-69.

Abstract

"Every EU member state has some form of minimum wage system in place. The different systems, however, vary regarding the levels, scope and the institutional setting of minimum wages (MW). The main distinction can be made between national statutory and sectoral regimes. National statutory regimes define a general wage floor, which is compulsory for all employees. Sectoral regimes have no general wage floor. Instead, multiple minimum wage levels are agreed by social partners in sector-based collective agreements, albeit with varying coverage of the workforce." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Rumscheidt, Sabine (2015): Mindestlohnsysteme in der Europäischen Union. In: Ifo-Schnelldienst, Jg. 68, H. 14, S. 56-58.

Abstract

In jedem Mitgliedstaat der Europäischen Union gibt es eine Form von Mindestlohn, die jeweiligen Mindestlohnsysteme unterscheiden sich jedoch beträchtlich in Bezug auf das Niveau, den Umfang und den institutionellen Rahmen der Mindestlöhne. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die unterschiedlichen Regelungen in den Ländern der EU.

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Seeliger, Martin (2015): Europäischer Mindestlohn als Arbeitnehmerinteresse? Probleme gewerkschaftlicher Positionsbildung. In: Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte, Jg. 65, H. 4-5, S. 36-42.

Abstract

"Der Vorschlag einer gemeinsamen Lohnuntergrenze für die EU wirkt plausibel. Die Diskussionen unter den europäischen Gewerkschaften sind allerdings kontrovers. Heterogenität erschwert die Entwicklung einer gemeinsamen Position." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

Abstract

"Minimum wages are common but controversial. Three out of four OECD countries use them, and supporting low-wage earners is widely seen as important for promoting inclusive growth. But views differ about whether such support is best provided through minimum wages, or closely related policies, such as government transfers. This policy brief considers three aspects that are central for a balanced assessment of policy choices: The cost of employing minimum-wage workers, their take-home pay, and the number of workers affected." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Arni, Patrick, Werner Eichhorst, Nico Pestel, Alexander Spermann & Klaus F. Zimmermann (2014): Der gesetzliche Mindestlohn in Deutschland. Einsichten und Handlungsempfehlungen aus der Evaluationsforschung. In: Schmollers Jahrbuch, Jg. 134, H. 2, S. 149-182.

Abstract

"Der gesetzliche Mindestlohn in Höhe von 8,50 Euro je Stunde wird zum 1. Januar 2015 in Deutschland eingeführt. Dieser Beitrag fasst die vorliegenden nationalen und internationalen Erfahrungen mit Mindestlöhnen zusammen. Dabei werden die Beschäftigungs- und Verteilungswirkungen sowie die fiskalischen Effekte mit Hilfe des IZA-Mikrosimulationsmodells abgeschätzt und mit Ergebnissen aus aktuellen Studien verglichen. Es zeigt sich, dass die Ergebnisse aus der Analyse von Branchenmindestlöhnen und aus Mikrosimulationen trotz aufgezeigter Problempotenziale keine abschließende Beurteilung erlauben. Deshalb plädieren die Autoren für eine systematische und unabhängige wissenschaftliche Begleitforschung und Evaluation des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns. Dies lässt Politik und Wählern eine faire Option für eine Kurskorrektur." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Arni, Patrick, Werner Eichhorst, Nico Pestel, Alexander Spermann & Klaus F. Zimmermann (2014): Kein Mindestlohn ohne unabhängige wissenschaftliche Evaluation. (IZA Standpunkte 65), Bonn, 28 S.

Abstract

"Die deutsche Bundesregierung plant die Einführung eines flächendeckenden Mindestlohns. Dieser Beitrag fasst die vorliegenden nationalen und internationalen Erfahrungen mit Mindestlöhnen zusammen. Er analysiert dabei die Konsequenzen für Beschäftigung und Einkommensverteilung und legt eine Abschätzung der zu erwartenden Wirkungen in Deutschland vor. Eine systematische und unabhängige wissenschaftliche Begleitforschung und Evaluation wird erforderlich sein, um mögliche dauerhafte Folgeschäden für den Arbeitsmarkt transparent zu machen. Dies lässt Politik und Wählern eine faire Option für eine Kurskorrektur." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Belman, Dale & Paul J. Wolfson (2014): What does the minimum wage do? Kalamazoo: Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, 470 S.

Abstract

"This book attempts to make sense of the research on the minimum wage that began in the early 1990s. The authors look at who is affected by the minimum wage, both directly and indirectly; which observable, measurable variables (e.g., wages, employment, school enrollment) the minimum wage influences; how long it takes for the variables to respond to the minimum wage and the size and desirability of the effect; why the minimum wage has the results it does (and not others); and the workers most likely to be affected by changes to the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Davis, Abigail, Donald Hirsch, Rie Iwanaga, Masami Iwata, Junko Shigekawa, Yuka Uzuki & Atsuhiro Yamada (2014): Comparing the minimum income standard in the UK and Japan. Methodology and outcome. In: Social policy and society, Jg. 13, H. 1, S. 89-101. DOI:10.1017/S147474641300033X

Abstract

"Minimum Income Standard (MIS) research involves an innovative methodology that combines consensual decisions made through discussion by members of the public, supported by input from experts. MIS addresses questions about income adequacy, and in particular, what is the income that people need in order to reach a minimum socially acceptable standard of living. The first MIS for Britain was published in the UK in 2008, and in 2010 researchers from Japan and the UK began to collaborate on developing a comparable Minimum Income Standard for Japan. This article discusses the differences and similarities between the UK and Japanese MIS. It looks at the challenges of applying the methodology in a very different setting and compares the results of the research in the UK and in Japan. Although there are notable differences in the lists of goods and services that comprise the budgets, there are also some striking similarities. This research suggests that the MIS methodology offers an approach that can be used in different countries to inform discussions on contemporary living standards and societal norms, and to enable international comparisons to be drawn." (Text excerpt, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Grimshaw, Damian, Gerhard Bosch & Jill Rubery (2014): Minimum wages and collective bargaining: what types of pay bargaining can foster positive pay equity outcomes? In: BJIR, Jg. 52, H. 3, S. 470-498. DOI:10.1111/bjir.12021

Abstract

"Using data from interviews and collective agreements in five European countries, this article analyses the relationship between collective bargaining and the minimum wage. In a context of changing minimum wage policy and competing government objectives, the findings illuminate how pay bargaining strategies of trade unions and employers shape the pay equity effects of minimum wage policy. Two general forms are identified: direct responses to a changing national minimum wage, and responses to the absence or weakness of a national minimum wage. The article explains how particular intersections of minimum wage policy and collective bargaining, together with country and sector contingencies, shape the form of pay bargaining and pay equity outcomes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Schulten, Thorsten (2014): Mindestlohnregime in Europa ... und was Deutschland von ihnen lernen kann. (Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Studie), Bonn, 16 S.

Abstract

"- Ab dem 1. Januar 2015 soll in Deutschland ein allgemeiner gesetzlicher Mindestlohn gelten. Wie das neue deutsche Mindestlohnregime genau aussehen wird, muss jedoch erst im Gesetzgebungsverfahren definiert werden.
- In Deutschland würde ein Mindestlohn von 8,50 Euro noch unterhalb des kaufkraftbereinigten Mindestlohns in Großbritannien und damit am unteren Rand der 'Spitzengruppe' von sieben europäischen Ländern liegen.
- Die gesetzlichen Mindestlöhne in Europa liegen allesamt unterhalb der so genannten 'Niedriglohnschwelle'. In vielen EU-Staaten gehen die gesetzlichen Mindestlöhne nicht einmal über das Niveau von 'Armutslöhnen' hinaus. Deutschland weist bislang einen der größten Niedriglohnsektoren in Europa auf.
- Die in Deutschland bei Mindestlohngegnern beliebte 'Politisierungsthese', wonach Mindestlohnerhöhungen als Wahlgeschenke verteilt werden, lässt sich nicht belegen. Eher schon finden sich Anzeichen für eine 'Politisierung von rechts', bei der oft eher konservative Regierungen sich dadurch zu profilieren suchen, dass sie den Mindestlohn für einen längeren Zeitraum nicht mehr anpassen.
- Sollte es in Deutschland zu einem Anpassungsmechanismus kommen, der eher kleine Anpassungsschritte begünstigt, dann läuft das neue deutsche Mindestlohnregime Gefahr, am Ende nur relativ bescheidene strukturelle Wirkungen sicherstellen zu können." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Schulten, Thorsten (2014): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2014 - stagnierende Mindestlöhne. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 67, H. 2, S. 132-139. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2014-2-132

Abstract

"Der WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2014 gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die gegenwärtige Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa und ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden neueste Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. In vielen Ländern lässt sich bereits seit einigen Jahren eine eher stagnierende Mindestlohnentwicklung beobachten. Dieser Trend hat sich auch im Jahr 2013 fortgesetzt. Allerdings mehren sich mittlerweile die Stimmen, die für die nähere Zukunft eine deutlich kräftigere Mindestlohnerhöhung einfordern." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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Zavodny, Madeline (2014): Who benefits from the minimum wage - natives or migrants? There is no evidence that increases in the minimum wage have hurt immigrants. (IZA world of labor 98), Bonn, 10 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.98

Abstract

"According to economic theory, a minimum wage reduces the number of low-wage jobs and increases the number of available workers, allowing greater hiring selectivity. More competition for a smaller number of low-wage jobs will disadvantage immigrants if employers perceive them as less skilled than native-born workers - and vice versa. Studies indicate that a higher minimum wage does not hurt immigrants, but there is no consensus on whether immigrants benefit at the expense of natives. Studies also reach disparate conclusions on whether higher minimum wages attract or repel immigrants." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Furåker, Bengt & Kristina Loven Selden (2013): Trade union cooperation on statutory minimum wages? A study of European trade union positions. In: Transfer, Jg. 19, H. 4, S. 507-520. DOI:10.1177/1024258913501766

Abstract

"Legislation on minimum wages exists in most EU Member States, but European trade unions have very different views on it. Nordic unions are especially negative, whereas many other union organizations are strongly positive. The present article examines these differences, explores how they can be understood and discusses their possible consequences for transnational union cooperation on issues related to statutory minimum wages. It is primarily based on survey and interview data." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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Garnero, Andrea, Stephan Kampelmann & François Rycx (2013): Sharp teeth or empty mouths? Revisiting the minimum wage bite with sectoral data. (IZA discussion paper 7351), Bonn, 36 S.

Abstract

"The paper explores the link between different institutional features of minimum wage systems and the minimum wage bite. We notably address the striking absence of studies on sectoral-level minima and exploit unique data covering 17 European countries and information from more than 1100 collective bargaining agreements. Results provide evidence for a neglected trade-off: systems with bargained sectoral-level minima are associated with higher Kaitz indices than systems with statutory floors, but also with more individuals actually paid below prevailing minima. Higher collective bargaining coverage can to some extent reduce this trade-off between sharp teeth (high wage floors) and empty mouths (noncompliance/noncoverage)." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

Zitatform

Laporšek, Suzana (2013): Minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 20, H. 14, S. 1288-1292. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2013.799752

Abstract

"The purpose of this article is to estimate minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union (EU). The analysis employs a panel regression method with fixed effects and uses data for 18 EU member states with statutory minimum wage over the period 1996 to 2011. The analysis is restricted to teenage workers between 15 and 19 years of age and young workers between 20 and 24 years of age. The study finds a negative, statistically significant impact of minimum wage on youth employment, by which the disemployment effect appears to be stronger for teenage workers. The effect remains negative and statistically significant also when controlled for other labour market institutions. Taking into account empirical results, we can conclude that EU countries should be more cautious when setting up minimum wages for young workers, as disemployment effects may have been downplayed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))