Atypische Beschäftigung
Vollzeit, unbefristet und fest angestellt - das typische Normalarbeitsverhältnis ist zwar immer noch die Regel. Doch arbeiten die Erwerbstätigen heute vermehrt auch befristet, in Teilzeit- und Minijobs, in Leiharbeitsverhältnissen oder als Solo-Selbständige. Was sind die Konsequenzen der zunehmenden Bedeutung atypischer Beschäftigungsformen für die Erwerbstätigen, die Arbeitslosen und die Betriebe? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die sozialen Sicherungssysteme, das Beschäftigungsniveau und die Durchlässigkeit des Arbeitsmarktes? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
The dynamism of the new economy: Non-standard employment and access to social security in EU-28 (2019)
Avlijaš, Sonja;Zitatform
Avlijaš, Sonja (2019): The dynamism of the new economy: Non-standard employment and access to social security in EU-28. (LEQS – LSE 'Europe in Question' Discussion Paper Series 141), London, 76 S.
Abstract
"This paper examines the prevalence of non-standard workers in EU-28, rules for accessing social security, and these workers' risk of not being able to access it. It focuses on temporary and part-time workers, and the self-employed, and offers a particularly detailed analysis of their access to unemployment benefits. It focuses on eligibility, adequacy (net income replacement rates) and identifies those workers which are at the greatest risk of either not receiving benefits or receiving low benefits. It offers a special overview of foreign non-standard workers, who may be particularly vulnerable due to the absence of citizenship in the host country. The paper also analyses access to maternity and sickness benefits for these three groups of workers, as well as their access to pensions. Its key contribution is in bringing together the different dimensions of disadvantage that non-standard workers face vis-à-vis access to social protection. This allows us to comprehensively assess the adaptation of national social security systems across EU-28 to the changing world of work over the past 10 years. The paper shows that there is a lot of variation between the Member States, both in the structure of their social security systems, as well as the prevalence of non-standard work. Most notably, the paper concludes that: i) access to unemployment benefits is the most challenging component of welfare state provision for people in non-standard employment; ii) policy reforms vis-à-vis access to social benefits have improved the status of non-standard workers in several countries, while they have worsened it in others, particularly in Bulgaria, Ireland and Latvia; iii) some Eastern European countries can offer lessons to other Member States due to their experiences with labour market challenges during transition and the subsequent adaptations of their social security systems to greater labour market flexibility. The paper also implies that a country's policy towards nonstandard work" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The struggle to reconcile precarious work and parenthood: the case of Italian 'precarious parents' (2019)
Ba', Stefano;Zitatform
Ba', Stefano (2019): The struggle to reconcile precarious work and parenthood. The case of Italian 'precarious parents'. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 33, H. 5, S. 812-828. DOI:10.1177/0950017019843089
Abstract
"This research is about parents in precarious employment, as the intersection of parental responsibilities and paid work represents a privileged site from which to explore the process of precarisation within a wider social context. Social reproduction is then interrogated in order to conceptually frame parents' everyday struggles for stability. The dyad use-value and exchange-value is mobilised to make sense of parents' activities in the domestic sphere as well as in paid work, so that the outcome of this research marks a conceptual shift from the metaphor work - family balance to the tension between useful activities and the monetary valorisations that these parents need to obtain. The research suggests then that these parents produce social wealth at a number of different levels, but their activities need to meet their exchange-value because monetary valorisation represents the way to get their livelihood. This research aims to conceptualise the antagonism of 'precarious parents' as their 'normal life' is distorted by daily struggles to achieve these means." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Part-time employment as a way to increase women's employment: (Where) does it work? (2019)
Zitatform
Barbieri, Paolo, Giorgio Cutuli, Raffaele Guetto & Stefani Scherer (2019): Part-time employment as a way to increase women's employment: (Where) does it work? In: International Journal of Comparative Sociology, Jg. 60, H. 4, S. 249-268. DOI:10.1177/0020715219849463
Abstract
"Part-time employment has repeatedly been proposed as a solution for integrating women into the labor market; however, empirical evidence supporting a causal link is mixed. In this text, we investigate the extent to which increasing part-time employment is a valid means of augmenting women's labor market participation. We pay particular attention to the institutional context and the related characteristics of part-time employment in European countries to test the conditions under which this solution is a viable option. The results reveal that part-time employment may strengthen female employment in Continental Europe and especially in Southern Europe, where an increase in part-time employment - even if it is demand-side driven - leads to greater employment participation among women. We also discuss some policy implications and trade-offs: Although part-time work can lead to higher numbers of employed women, it does so at the cost of increasing gendered labor market segregation. We analyze data from the European Labor Force Survey (EU-LFS) 1992 - 2011 for 19 countries and 188 regions and exploit regional variation over time while controlling for time-constant regional characteristics, time-varying regional labor market features, and (time-varying) confounding factors at the national level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The structural determinants of the labor share in Europe (2019)
Dimova, Dilyana;Zitatform
Dimova, Dilyana (2019): The structural determinants of the labor share in Europe. (IMF working paper 2019,67), Washington, DC, 41 S.
Abstract
"The labor share in Europe has been on a downward trend. This paper finds that the decline is concentrated in manufacture and among low- to mid-skilled workers. The shifting nature of employment away from full-time jobs and a rollback of employment protection, unemployment benefits and unemployment benefits have been the main contributors. Technology and globalization hurt sectors where jobs are routinizable but helped others that require specialized skills. High-skilled professionals gained labor share driven by productivity aided by flexible work environments, while low- and mid-skilled workers lost labor share owing to globalization and the erosion of labor market safety nets." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Voluntary mobility of employees for better job opportunities given a temporary contract: Insights regarding an age-varying association between the two events (2019)
Zitatform
Mussida, Chiara & Luca Zanin (2019): Voluntary mobility of employees for better job opportunities given a temporary contract. Insights regarding an age-varying association between the two events. In: The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy, Jg. 19, H. 2, S. 1-27. DOI:10.1515/bejeap-2018-0143
Abstract
"What mechanisms govern the mobility of employees who voluntarily switch employers for better opportunities, given a temporary contract (TC)? We attempt to answer this question by exploring this issue in Southern and Central European countries. We use cross-sectional data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey for the 2005 - 2016 period. We estimate a flexible simultaneous equation model for binary responses by assuming the presence of an age-varying association between voluntary mobility and having a TC. After accounting for several socio-demographic and economic variables, we find a nonlinear decreasing relation between age and the outcomes, while we detect heterogeneous nonlinear patterns in the association between voluntary mobility and having a TC across countries. These insights can support policy-makers aiming to promote initiatives that facilitate the professional mobility of employees given a TC for an efficient allocation of human capital in the production system." (Author's abstract, © De Gruyter) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary employment at labour market entry in Europe: labour market dualism, transitions to secure employment and upward mobility (2019)
Zitatform
Passaretta, Giampiero & Maarten H. J. Wolbers (2019): Temporary employment at labour market entry in Europe. Labour market dualism, transitions to secure employment and upward mobility. In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, Jg. 40, H. 2, S. 382-408. DOI:10.1177/0143831X16652946
Abstract
"This article focuses on school-leavers who enter employment with a temporary contract in the European context, and examines their probabilities to shift to standard employment or unemployment, and their chances of occupational mobility afterwards. The authors argue that two institutional dimensions of insider - outsider segmentation drive the career progression after a flexible entry: the gap between the regulation of permanent and temporary contracts and the degree of unionization. The analyses show that a disproportionate protection of permanent compared to temporary contracts increases the probability of remaining on a fixed-term contract, whereas the degree of unionization slightly decreases the chance of moving to jobs with higher or lower socio-economic status. Finally, a shift to permanent employment after a fixed-term entry is more often associated with occupational upward mobility in strongly rather than weakly unionized labour markets." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does apprenticeship improve job opportunities?: a regression discontinuity approach (2019)
Zitatform
Picchio, Matteo & Stefano Staffolani (2019): Does apprenticeship improve job opportunities? A regression discontinuity approach. In: Empirical economics, Jg. 56, H. 1, S. 23-60. DOI:10.1007/s00181-017-1350-2
Abstract
"In Italy the main difference between apprentices and other types of temporary workers is that apprentices must receive firm-provided training. The firm incentive in hiring apprentices consists in paying lower wages and labour taxes. Using an Italian administrative dataset containing information on the jobs started between January 2009 and June 2012, we estimate the effect of apprenticeship on the hazard function to a permanent job. Identification is based on a regression discontinuity design. We find that, for 29-year-old workers, apprenticeships are 'long entrance halls' towards permanent contracts, especially within the firm where the apprenticeship is performed." (Author's abstract, © Springer-Verlag) ((en))
Ähnliche Treffer
auch erschienen als: IZA discussion paper , 7719 -
Literaturhinweis
Teleworkers in Italy: who are they? Do they make more? (2019)
Zitatform
Pigini, Claudia & Stefano Staffolani (2019): Teleworkers in Italy: who are they? Do they make more? In: International journal of manpower, Jg. 40, H. 2, S. 265-285. DOI:10.1108/IJM-07-2017-0154
Abstract
"The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the probability of being a teleworker and the extent of earnings differentials between teleworkers and traditional employees.
Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is grounded on a theoretical framework depicting endogenous telework assignment and wage variations based on individual bargaining. The empirical strategy allows for non-random telework assignment, generating from individual- and job-specific observed as well as unobserved factors.
Findings
Results are based on the Italian labor force survey and uncover a key role of gender, higher education and family composition as determinants of the probability of teleworking. Furthermore, teleworkers enjoy a wage premium ranging between 2.7 and 8 percent.
Originality/value
Accounting for observed individual and job-specific effects, by both standard linear regression and propensity score matching, largely reduces the extent of wage premium emerging from unconditional descriptives; the results of an endogenous switching regression model however suggest that failing to properly care for unobserved factors leads to the underestimation of returns to telework." (Author's abstract, © Emerald Group) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Accounting for the permanent vs temporary wage gaps among young adults : Three European countries in perspective (2019)
Zitatform
Regoli, Andrea, Antonella D'Agostino, Thomas Grandner & Dieter Gstach (2019): Accounting for the permanent vs temporary wage gaps among young adults : Three European countries in perspective. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 158, H. 2, S. 337-364. DOI:10.1111/ilr.12075
Abstract
"This article analyses wage differentials between permanent and temporary workers in the 25 - 40 age bracket using the 2010 European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) wave data for France, Germany and Italy. Applying a Recentered Influence Function (RIF) regression and a reweighting estimation technique, we investigate the contribution of personal and job characteristics to wage differentials across the wage distribution. Results point to a large unexplained component of the wage gap across the whole distribution in Italy, while this component is weaker in France among highly paid employees and insignificant in Germany. These findings highlight potential policy considerations and areas for future research." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The new normal of working lives: critical studies in contemporary work and employment (2018)
Taylor, Stephanie; Luckman, Susan;Zitatform
Taylor, Stephanie & Susan Luckman (Hrsg.) (2018): The new normal of working lives. Critical studies in contemporary work and employment. (Dynamics of virtual work), Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 356 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-66038-7
Abstract
"This critical, international and interdisciplinary edited collection investigates the new normal of work and employment, presenting research on the experience of the workers themselves. The collection explores the formation of contemporary worker subjects, and the privilege or disadvantage in play around gender, class, age and national location within the global workforce.
Organised around the three areas of: creative working, digital working lives, and transitions and transformations, its fifteen chapters examine in detail the emerging norms of work and work activities in a range of occupations and locations. It also investigates the coping strategies adopted by workers to manage novel difficulties and life circumstances, and their understandings of the possibilities, trajectories, mobilities, identities and potential rewards of their work situations." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Inhalt: Stephanie Taylor, Susan Luckman Collection Introduction: The 'New Normal' of Working Lives (1-15);
Part I Creative Working ;
Susan Luckman, Jane Andrew: Online Selling and the Growth of Home-Based Craft Micro-enterprise: The 'New Normal' of Women's Self-(under)Employment (19-39);
Ana Alacovska: Hope Labour Revisited: Post-socialist Creative Workers and Their Methods of Hope (41-63);
Karen Cross: From Visual Discipline to Love-Work: The Feminising of Photographic Expertise in the Age of Social Media (65-85);
Frédérick Harry Pitts: Creative Labour, Before and After 'Going Freelance': Contextual Factors and Coalition-Building Practices (87-107);
Frédérik Lesage: Searching, Sorting, and Managing Glut: Media Software Inscription Strategies for 'Being Creative' (109-126);
Part II Digital Working Lives ;
Katariina Mäkinen: Negotiating the Intimate and the Professional in Mom Blogging (129-146);
Daniel Ashton, Karen Patel: Vlogging Careers: Everyday Expertise, Collaboration and Authenticity (147-169);
Johanna Koroma, Matti Vartiainen: From Presence to Multipresence: Mobile Knowledge Workers' Densified Hours (171-200);
Iva Josefssonn: Affectual Demands and the Creative Worker: Experiencing Selves and Emotions in the Creative Organisation (201-217);
Silvia Ivaldi, Ivana Pais, Giuseppe Scaratti: Coworking(s) in the Plural: Coworking Spaces and New Ways of Managing (219-241);
Part III Transitions and Transformations ;
Kori Allan: 'Investment in Me': Uncertain Futures and Debt in the Intern Economy (245-263);
Hanna-Mari Ikonen: Letting Them Get Close: Entrepreneurial Work and the New Normal (265-283);
Elin Vadelius: Self-Employment in Elderly Care: A Way to Self-Fulfilment or Self-Exploitation for Professionals? (285-308);
Ingrid Biese, Marta Choroszewicz: Creating Alternative Solutions for Work: Expertences of Women Managers and Lawyers in Poland and the USA (309-325);
Stephanie Taylor: Beyond Work? New Expectations and Aspirations (327-345). -
Literaturhinweis
Modern working life: A blurring of the boundaries between secondary and primary labour markets? (2017)
Dekker, Fabian; Veen, Romke van der;Zitatform
Dekker, Fabian & Romke van der Veen (2017): Modern working life: A blurring of the boundaries between secondary and primary labour markets? In: Economic and Industrial Democracy, Jg. 38, H. 2, S. 256-270. DOI:10.1177/0143831X14563946
Abstract
"Today, there is a widespread suggestion that permanent workers are increasingly subject to precarious working conditions. Due to international competition and declining union density, job qualities of permanent workers are assumed to be under strain. According to proponents of a democratization of risk rationale, low job qualities that were traditionally attached to secondary labour markets are transferred to workers in primary segments of the labour market. In this study, the authors test this theoretical rationale among workers in 11 Western European economies, using two waves of the European Working Conditions Survey. The results do not confirm a democratization of labour market risk. Lower job qualities are highly associated with flexible employment contracts and highlight a clear gap between insiders and outsiders." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Fragmentierte Belegschaften: Leiharbeit, Informalität und Soloselbständigkeit in globaler Perspektive (2017)
Holst, Hajo; Manske, Alexandra; Matuschek, Ingo; Ludwig, Carmen; Tomadoni, Claudia; Berti, Natalia; Holzschuh, Madeleine; Håkansson, Kristina; Niehoff, Steffen; Holst, Hajo; Nowak, Jörg; Isidorsson, Tommy; Pernicka, Susanne; Webster, Edward; Pulignano, Valeria ; Hefler, Günter; Reichel, Astrid; Jordhus-Lier, David; Schmalz, Stefan; Holzschuh, Madeleine; Singe, Ingo; Brunsen, Hendrik; Sittel, Johanna;Zitatform
Holst, Hajo (Hrsg.) (2017): Fragmentierte Belegschaften. Leiharbeit, Informalität und Soloselbständigkeit in globaler Perspektive. (International labour studies 12), Frankfurt: Campus-Verl., 308 S.
Abstract
"Leiharbeit, Informalität und Soloselbständigkeit sind auf dem Vormarsch - und dies nicht nur in Deutschland. Rund um den Globus greifen Unternehmen auf Outsourcing zurück und setzen externe Arbeitskräfte ein, um Kosten zu reduzieren und langfristige Bindungen zu vermeiden, aber auch um spezifisches Know-how einzukaufen. Anhand dichter empirischer Studien beleuchten die Beiträge die entsprechenden Managementpraktiken, den Arbeitsalltag der Beschäftigten und die Reaktionen der Interessenvertretungen. Dabei nehmen sie neben der Automobilindustrie, der Logistikbranche und der Kreativwirtschaft auch die verschiedenen Arbeitsgesellschaften des Globalen Nordens und Südens in den Blick." (Verlagsangaben, IAB-Doku)
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Hajo Holst: Fragmentierte Belegschaften: Problemaufriss und Übersicht (9-30);
I. Externalisierung, Leiharbeit und Informalität in der Industrie
Hajo Holst, Hendrik Brunsen, Ingo Matuschek, Steffen Niehoff: Zwei Logiken der Externalisierung - Fragmentierte Arbeit in der Forschung & Entwicklung der Automobilindustrie (33-67);
Stefan Schmalz Natalia Berti, Madeleine Holzschuh, Johanna Sittel, Claudia Tomadoni: Unsicherheit als Alltagserfahrung: Abgestufte Beschäftigungshierarchien im Wertschöpfungssystem Automobil in Argentinien (69-97);
Kristina Hakansson, Tommy Isidorsson: Flexibilität und Unsicherheit: Leiharbeit in Schweden (99-115);
Jörg Nowak: Streiks und Arbeiterunruhen in der indischen Autoindustrie: Konflikte bei Maruti Suzuki India Limited 2011/2012 (117-141);
Valeria Pulignano: Atypische Beschäftigung und Fragmentierung des Arbeitsmarktes in Italien - "Karussell der Prekarität"? (143-161);
II. Outsourcing, freie Mitarbeiter/innen und Befristungen im Dienstleistungssektor
Hajo Holst, Ingo Singe: Arbeiten in Parallelwelten - Externalisierung und Informalisierung von Arbeit in der Paketzustellung (165-190);
Alexandra Manske, Hendrik Brunsen: Informelle Beziehungen als Flexibilitätsressource auf Projektarbeitsmärkten: Zur Sozialordnung einer Designagentur (191-215);
Carmen Ludwig, Edward Webster: Zwischen inklusiver und exldusiver Solidarität: Die Fragmentierung kommunaler Beschäftigung in Johannesburg (217-244);
David Jordhus-Lier: Flexibilisierung als Fragmentierung: Der Kampf gegen Outsourcing im norwegischen Hotelsektor (245-267);
Susanne Pernicka, Astrid Reichel, Günter Hefter: Wissenschaftskarrieren an österreichischen Universitäten: Zur Bedeutung von neuen Steuerungsmodellen, institutionalisierten Leitbildern und Praktiken (269-301). -
Literaturhinweis
The impact of temporary employment on productivity: The importance of sectors' skill intensity (2017)
Lisi, Domenico; Malo, Miguel A.;Zitatform
Lisi, Domenico & Miguel A. Malo (2017): The impact of temporary employment on productivity. The importance of sectors' skill intensity. In: Journal for labour market research, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 91-112., 2017-02-21. DOI:10.1007/s12651-017-0222-8
Abstract
"Jüngste wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Abhandlungen betonen, dass die Nutzung befristeter Arbeitsverträge einen negativen Einfluss auf die Produktivität haben könnte. Es sprechen jedoch verschiedene Gründe dafür, dass die Auswirkungen befristeter Arbeitsverträge nicht in allen Branchen gleich sind. In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir den Einfluss von befristeten Arbeitsverträgen auf das Produktivitätswachstum und fragen insbesondere, ob es je nach der Qualifikationsintensität der Branchen Unterschiede gibt. Unser Datensatz ist ein Panel europäischer Länder auf Wirtschaftszweigebene, das es uns gestattet, die Branchen nach Qualifikationsintensität zu unterscheiden. Unser wichtigstes Ergebnis ist, dass befristete Beschäftigung einen negativen Einfluss auf das Produktivitätswachstum hat, dies aber in Branchen mit hoher Qualifikationsintensität stärkere negative Auswirkungen hat.Während ein Anstieg des Anteils an befristeter Beschäftigung in qualifikationsintensiven Branchen um 10 Prozentpunkte das Produktivitätswachstum um rund 1 - 1,5% senken würde, betrüge dieser Wert in weniger qualifikationsintensiven Branchen nur rund 0,5 - 0,8%. Dieses Ergebnis ist stabil für verschiedene Intensitätsindices und Produktivitätsmaßnahmen sowie für die Stichprobenzusammensetzung. Des Weiteren behandeln wir politische Auswirkungen dieses Ergebnisses für die Arbeitsmarktregulierung." (Autorenreferat, © Springer-Verlag)
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of temporary agency workers on wage of permanent employees: evidence from linked employer-employee data (2017)
Ordine, Patrizia; Rose, Giuseppe; Vella, Gessica;Zitatform
Ordine, Patrizia, Giuseppe Rose & Gessica Vella (2017): The effect of temporary agency workers on wage of permanent employees. Evidence from linked employer-employee data. In: Labour, Jg. 31, H. 4, S. 415-432. DOI:10.1111/labr.12102
Abstract
"The effect of flexibility at-the-margin on wage of permanent employees is evaluated using Italian Linked Employer-Employee Data for the period 1991 - 2004. Temporary Agency Workers (TAW) introduced in Italy in 1997 in some specific industries represents a form of flexible job providing a quasi-experimental setup that can be used to obtain identification by applying difference-in-differences. Concerns related to confounding trends are addressed through several robustness and falsification tests. Norms introducing TAW in all sectors in 2000 are also exploited. Results show an increase in permanent employees' wage in industries involved in the reform. This evidence is consistent with insider-outsider theories wherein - in a dual labor market - a rise in the share of unprotected employees may spill over upon insiders' wage." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Autonomous, atypical, hybrid forms of employment: aspects of social protection in Italy: national report (2017)
Zitatform
Pedaci, Marcello, Dario Raspanti & Luigi Burroni (2017): Autonomous, atypical, hybrid forms of employment: aspects of social protection in Italy. National report. (WSI study 10), Düsseldorf, 43 S.
Abstract
"In many European countries, marginal part-time, (solo-) self-employment and secondary jobs has been increasing since the last decades. The ques-tion about the provision of social protection and labour legislation for these types of employment is the starting point for a project entitled 'Hybrid work-ing arrangements in Europe', directed by the WSI. Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Poland, Italy, Denmark and Austria comprise the group of countries selected in order to investigate 'hybrid work' in the context of different welfare state regimes. The following paper by Marcello Pedaci, Dario Raspanti and Luigi Burroni is one of the seven country studies that describe in detail labour law regulations and the national insurance systems for self-employed, secondary jobs and marginal part-time employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Die Rolle befristeter Beschäftigung in Europa (2016)
Zitatform
Bachmann, Ronald & Julia Bredtmann (2016): Die Rolle befristeter Beschäftigung in Europa. In: Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik, Jg. 65, H. 3, S. 270-298. DOI:10.1515/zfwp-2016-0017
Abstract
"Befristete Verträge werden in vielen Ländern der Europäischen Union als Instrument, Arbeitsmärkte flexibel zu gestalten, eingesetzt. Ein internationaler Vergleich zeigt, dass die befristete Beschäftigung nur bedingt die Durchlässigkeit der Arbeitsmärkte unterstützt. Zwar erleichtert sie teilweise den Arbeitsmarktzugang, führt aber auch zu instabilen Beschäftigungsverhältnissen und segmentierten Arbeitsmärkten, die mit einer geringen Sprungbrettfunktion der befristeten Beschäftigung einhergehen. Um nachhaltige Beschäftigung zu schaffen, erscheinen Reformen des Kündigungsschutzes, die Übergange in reguläre Jobs erleichtern, sowie Investitionen in Aus- und Weiterbildung als sinnvolle Alternativen" (Autorenreferat, © De Gruyter)
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Literaturhinweis
Antinomies of flexibilization and atypical employment in Mediterranean Europe: Greek, Italian and Spanish regions during the crisis (2016)
Zitatform
Gialis, Stelios & Lila Leontidou (2016): Antinomies of flexibilization and atypical employment in Mediterranean Europe. Greek, Italian and Spanish regions during the crisis. In: European Urban and Regional Studies, Jg. 23, H. 4, S. 716-733. DOI:10.1177/0969776414538983
Abstract
"Until recently, Mediterranean countries were called on by European Union officials to provide for a 'less-rigid' regulatory framework, in order to enhance 'flexicurity'. This paper critically examines post-2008 flexibilization trends by focusing on Spanish, Italian and Greek regions. Starting from a contextualization of atypical employment and security, it then moves in a twofold direction; firstly, it presents the Flexible Contractual Arrangements and Active Labour Market Policies composite indicators, calculated for the NUTS-II regions of 12 member states for 2008 and 2011. These indicators reveal the changing ranking, especially of the Greek regions, towards higher labour market flexibility and relatively low levels of employability security; secondly, it focuses on the changing forms of atypical labour in the six regions that host the capital and the most important port city of Greece, Italy and Spain, respectively, by offering data on the expansion of flexible arrangements therein. The uneven flexibilization trends found in the study regions are seen as an outcome of the interaction between the general devaluation trends, different backgrounds and regionally specific patterns of labour market adjustment, while employment is found to be neither 'rigid' nor 'flexicure'. The paper concludes with some remarks on the relation between post-2008 dismantling of local labour regimes, restructuring and flexicurity." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Hanging in, but only just: part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis (2016)
Zitatform
Horemans, Jeroen, Ive Marx & Brian Nolan (2016): Hanging in, but only just. Part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis. In: IZA journal of European Labor Studies, Jg. 5, S. 1-19. DOI:10.1186/s40174-016-0053-6
Abstract
"The crisis has deepened pre-existing concerns regarding low-wage and non-standard employment. Countries where unemployment increased most strongly during the crisis period also saw part-time employment increasing, particularly involuntary part-time work. With involuntary part-time workers, as a particular group of underemployed, facing especially high poverty rates, this was accompanied by an increase, on average, in the poverty risk associated with working part-time. However, this was not reflected in a marked increase in the overall in-work poverty rate because full-time work remains dominant and its poverty risk did not change markedly. The household context is of the essence when considering policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The structure of the permanent job wage premium: evidence from Europe (2016)
Zitatform
Kahn, Lawrence M. (2016): The structure of the permanent job wage premium. Evidence from Europe. In: Industrial relations, Jg. 55, H. 1, S. 149-178. DOI:10.1111/irel.12129
Abstract
"Using longitudinal data on individuals from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) for thirteen countries during 1995-2001, I investigate the wage premium for permanent jobs relative to temporary jobs. The countries are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom. I find that among men the wage premium for a permanent vs. temporary job is lower for older workers and native born workers; for women, the permanent job wage premium is lower for older workers and those with longer job tenure. Moreover, there is some evidence that among immigrant men, the permanent job premium is especially high for those who migrated from outside the European Union. These findings all suggest that the gain to promotion into permanent jobs is indeed higher for those with less experience in the domestic labor market. In contrast to the effects for the young and immigrants, the permanent job pay premium is slightly smaller on average for women than for men, even though on average women have less experience in the labor market than men do. It is possible that women even in permanent jobs are in segregated labor markets. But as noted, among women, the permanent job wage premium is higher for the young and those with less current tenure, suggesting that even in the female labor market, employers pay attention to experience differences." (Author's abstract, Published by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Dualization or liberalization?: Investigating precarious work in eight European countries (2016)
Prosser, Thomas;Zitatform
Prosser, Thomas (2016): Dualization or liberalization? Investigating precarious work in eight European countries. In: Work, employment and society, Jg. 30, H. 6, S. 949-965. DOI:10.1177/0950017015609036
Abstract
"A recent upsurge in the incidence of precarious work in Europe necessitates fresh examination of the origins of this trend. On the basis of field research in eight European countries and with reference to theories of liberalization and dualization, the factors that drive precarious work in discrete European labour markets are thus investigated. It is discovered that, while a structural-demographic factor such as non-compliance with labour law is a notable progenitor of precarious work, the deregulatory strategies of public authorities are particularly significant drivers. In conclusion it is asserted that although the theory of dualization helps explain developments in conservative-corporatist countries, in Anglophone and Mediterranean countries liberalization theory is generally more apposite. Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries emerge as a hybrid case." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
Aspekt auswählen:
Aspekt zurücksetzen
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht