Atypische Beschäftigung
Vollzeit, unbefristet und fest angestellt - das typische Normalarbeitsverhältnis ist zwar immer noch die Regel. Doch arbeiten die Erwerbstätigen heute vermehrt auch befristet, in Teilzeit- und Minijobs, in Leiharbeitsverhältnissen oder als Solo-Selbständige. Was sind die Konsequenzen der zunehmenden Bedeutung atypischer Beschäftigungsformen für die Erwerbstätigen, die Arbeitslosen und die Betriebe? Welche Bedeutung haben sie für die sozialen Sicherungssysteme, das Beschäftigungsniveau und die Durchlässigkeit des Arbeitsmarktes? Die IAB-Infoplattform bietet Informationen zum Forschungsstand.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht
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Literaturhinweis
Wage growth implications of fixed-term employment: an analysis by contract duration and job mobility (2007)
Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Serrano-Padial, Ricardo;Zitatform
Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina & Ricardo Serrano-Padial (2007): Wage growth implications of fixed-term employment. An analysis by contract duration and job mobility. In: Labour economics, Jg. 14, H. 5, S. 829-847. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2006.09.001
Abstract
"Focusing on Spain, where fixed-term workers account for a third of the wage and salary workforce, we examine the wage growth implications of fixed-term employment of varying duration while distinguishing between wage growth occurring on-the-job versus via job mobility. Wage growth among employees with indefinite work contracts largely occurs via job mobility, whereas fixed-term workers gain via job mobility as well as on-the-job. Consequently, job stayers with fixed-term contracts a year ago narrow their wage gap with respect to similar counterparts with indefinite-term contracts. Yet, this effect is solely driven by the 10.5 percentage points higher wage growth experienced by fixed-term workers with 6-months contracts able to keep their jobs beyond their initial contract period. Given the limited number of short-term temporary workers in those circumstances, the overall wage gap between past fixed-term and indefinite-term workers is unlikely to vanish in the near future." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Part-time employment: a comparative analysis of Spain and the Netherlands (2007)
Blazquez Cuesta, Maite; Ramos Martin, Nuria Elena;Zitatform
Blazquez Cuesta, Maite & Nuria Elena Ramos Martin (2007): Part-time employment. A comparative analysis of Spain and the Netherlands. (AIAS working paper 55), Amsterdam, 59 S.
Abstract
"Most industrialized countries have seen part-time employment as a percentage of total employment increase in the last decade. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of part-time employment in Spain and the Netherlands. The project comprised a legal comparative study of the effectiveness of the normative solutions provided by the Dutch and Spanish legal orders regarding the protection of part-time workers and the promotion of part-time employment, with special attention paid to the gender dimension of part-time work in both countries; and an analysis, based on data extracted from the European Community Household Panel (1995-2001), of the determinants of part-time employment in both countries and an examination of the extent to which part-time jobs are used as stepping-stones to full-time positions. We found significant country differences regarding females' decisions to take part-time jobs. We also found that, in general, Dutch females are not less likely than their male counterparts to increase the number of hours they work. However, this applies only to those females who are part of a couple or have children younger than 12 years. In Spain, females are 2.6 times less likely than their male counterparts to switch from a part-time to a full-time job." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are fixed-term jobs bad for your health?: a comparison of West-Germany and Spain (2007)
Zitatform
Gash, Vanessa, Antje Mertens & Laura Romeu Gordo (2007): Are fixed-term jobs bad for your health? A comparison of West-Germany and Spain. In: European Societies, Jg. 9, H. 3, S. 429-458. DOI:10.1080/14616690701314150
Abstract
Der Beitrag analysiert die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen befristeter Arbeitsverträge für Männer und Frauen in Westdeutschland und Spanien auf der Basis eines repräsentativen Datenpanels. Die Frage lautet, ob der Wandel der Beschäftigungsverhältnisse als Folge einer Liberalisierung der Arbeitsgesetzgebung Veränderungen der positiven gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen, die von einem Arbeitsverhältnis ausgehen (Goldsmith et al. 1996; Jahoda 1982) bewirken. Unter Nutzung von Informationen über Wechsel zwischen Arbeitslosigkeit und Beschäftigungsverhältnis je nach Art des Arbeitsvertrages wird analysiert, ob der Übergang in unterschiedliche Vertragsverhältnisse auch unterschiedliche gesundheitliche Auswirkungen hat. Es zeigt sich, dass für arbeitslose Arbeiter die Arbeitsaufnahme positive gesundheitliche Auswirkungen hat, sich dieser Effekt aber bei Arbeitern, die einen befristeten Job annehmen, verringert. Hinzukommen überraschende Unterschiede nach Geschlecht und Land, wobei Frauen in der Regel weniger über positive gesundheitliche Auswirkungen einer Arbeitsaufnahme berichten. Dieses Ergebnis fand für Westdeutschland seine Erklärung als Folge der Doppelbelastung von bezahlter Arbeit und unbezahlter Betreuungsarbeit im Haushalt. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
How binding are legal limits? Transitions from temporary to permanent work in Spain (2007)
Güella, Maia; Petrongolo, Barbara;Zitatform
Güella, Maia & Barbara Petrongolo (2007): How binding are legal limits? Transitions from temporary to permanent work in Spain. In: Labour economics, Jg. 14, H. 2, S. 153-183. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2005.09.001
Abstract
"This paper studies the duration pattern of fixed-term contracts and the determinants of their conversion into permanent ones in Spain, where the share of fixed-term employment is the highest in Europe. We estimate a duration model for temporary employment, with competing risks of terminating into permanent employment versus alternative states, and flexible duration dependence. We find that conversion rates are generally below 10%. Our estimated conversion rates roughly increase with tenure, with a pronounced spike at the legal limit, when there is no legal way to retain the worker on a temporary contract. We argue that estimated differences in conversion rates across categories of workers can stem from differences in worker outside options and thus the power to credibly threat to quit temporary jobs." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are unemployment insurance systems in Europe adapting to news risks arising from nonstandard employment? (2007)
Leschke, Janine;Zitatform
Leschke, Janine (2007): Are unemployment insurance systems in Europe adapting to news risks arising from nonstandard employment? (Universite Libre, Bruxelles, Departement d'Economie Appliquee. Working paper RS 07-05), Brüssel, 48 S.
Abstract
"This paper addresses the question to what extent social protection systems in different European countries do succeed in coping with the risks arising from non-standard forms of employment. Focusing on the examples of part-time and temporary employment, the paper will examine exclusionary transitions and the access to unemployment insurance benefits of workers concerned by these forms of employment. The European Community Household Panel Data (ECHP) will be used. The general hypothesis is that the adaptability of unemployment insurance systems varies between welfare regimes. Therefore, four countries will be compared: Denmark, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The cost of flexibility at the margin: comparing the wage penalty for fixed-term contracts in Germany and Spain using quantile regression (2007)
Zitatform
Mertens, Antje, Vanessa Gash & Frances McGinnity (2007): The cost of flexibility at the margin. Comparing the wage penalty for fixed-term contracts in Germany and Spain using quantile regression. In: Labour, Jg. 21, H. 4/5, S. 637-666.
Abstract
"Germany and Spain are typically regarded as 'rigid' economies, yet both have had different experiences of fixed-term jobs. Using quantile regression we find that in West Germany the earnings of permanent and fixed-term workers are most similar among high earners and most dissimilar among low earners. In Spain, the wage penalty shows little variation across the distribution of wages. This pattern was also found for different occupational groups, although there are clear differences in the absolute wage penalty across occupations. In conclusion we caution against generalizing findings from Spain to other 'rigid' European labour markets." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The part-time wage penalty in European countries: how large is it for men? (2007)
Zitatform
O'Dorchai, Sile, Robert Plasman & François Rycx (2007): The part-time wage penalty in European countries. How large is it for men? (IZA discussion paper 2591), Bonn, 34 S.
Abstract
"Economic theory advances a number of reasons for the existence of a wage gap between part-time and full-time workers. Empirical work has concentrated on the wage effects of part-time work for women. For men, much less empirical evidence exists, mainly because of lacking data. In this paper, we take advantage of access to unique harmonised matched employer-employee data (i.e. the 1995 European Structure of Earnings Survey) to investigate the magnitude and sources of the part-time wage penalty for male workers in six European countries (i.e. Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and the UK). Findings show that the raw gap in hourly gross pay amounts to 16 per cent of male part-timer's wage in Spain, to 24 per cent in Belgium, to 28 per cent in Denmark and Italy, to 67 per cent in the UK and to 149 per cent in Ireland. Human capital differences explain between 31 per cent of the observed wage gap in the UK and 71 per cent in Denmark. When a larger set of control variables is taken into account (including occupation, industry, firm size, and level of wage bargaining), a much smaller part of the gap remains unexplained by differences in observed characteristics (except in Italy). Overall, results suggest that policy initiatives to promote lifelong learning and training are of great importance to help part-timers catch up. Moreover, except for Italy, they point to a persisting problem of occupational and sectoral segregation between men working part-time and full-time which requires renewed policy attention." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary agency work in the European Union (2007)
Pedersen, Henrik Stener; Mahler, Susan; Hansen, Claus Bo;Zitatform
Pedersen, Henrik Stener, Claus Bo Hansen & Susan Mahler (2007): Temporary agency work in the European Union. Dublin, 18 S.
Abstract
"Overall dissatisfaction with their working conditions and job situation among temporary agency workers would seem to indicate the existence of poor working conditions among this group. However, specific health and quality of work indicators paint a more ambiguous picture. They reveal that the main reasons behind this dissatisfaction are the insecurity inherent in this form of employment and the fact that temporary agency work may often be taken up involuntarily.
The purpose of this report is to study the relationship between TAW and the working conditions and health impacts for the workers. It also aims to promote European learning in relation to TAW through presenting national experiences and good practices. The report has been prepared for the European Working Conditions Observatory (EWCO). The information mainly derives from official national surveys as well as from qualitative studies provided by a network of seven European correspondents. These studies were based on a questionnaire prepared by the report coordinator. The seven countries initially engaged in EWCO are: Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain and Sweden. Results from pan-European sources and, in particular, the European working conditions survey 2000 are included when relevant as a framework for discussion of the national findings." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) -
Literaturhinweis
Fixed-term employment contracts in an equilibrium search model (2006)
Alvarez, Fernando; Veracierto, Marcelo;Zitatform
Alvarez, Fernando & Marcelo Veracierto (2006): Fixed-term employment contracts in an equilibrium search model. (NBER working paper 12791), Cambridge, Mass., 37 S., Anhang. DOI:10.3386/w12791
Abstract
"Fixed-term employment contracts have been introduced in number of European countries as a way to provide flexibility to economies with high employment protection levels. We introduce these contracts into the equilibrium search model in Alvarez and Veracierto (1999), a version of the Lucas and Prescott island model, adapted to have undirected search and variable labor force participation. We model a contract of length J as a tax on separations of workers with tenure higher than J. We show a version of the welfare theorems, and characterize the efficient allocations. This requires solving a control problem, whose solution is characterized by two dimensional inaction sets. For J=1 these contracts are equivalent to the case of firing taxes, and for large J they are equivalent to the laissez-faire case. In a calibrated verion of the model, we find that temporary contracts with J equivalent to three years length close about half of the gap between those two extremes." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Are fixed-term jobs bad for your health?: a comparison of West-Germany and Spain (2006)
Zitatform
Gash, Vanessa, Antje Mertens & Laura Romeu Gordo (2006): Are fixed-term jobs bad for your health? A comparison of West-Germany and Spain. (IAB-Discussion Paper 08/2006), Nürnberg, 36 S.
Abstract
Der Beitrag analysiert die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen befristeter Arbeitsverträge für Männer und Frauen in Westdeutschland und Spanien auf der Basis eines repräsentativen Datenpanels. Die Frage lautet, ob der Wandel der Beschäftigungsverhältnisse als Folge einer Liberalisierung der Arbeitsgesetzgebung Veränderungen der positiven gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen, die von einem Arbeitsverhältnis ausgehen (Goldsmith et al. 1996; Jahoda 1982) bewirken. Unter Nutzung von Informationen über Wechsel zwischen Arbeitslosigkeit und Beschäftigungsverhältnis je nach Art des Arbeitsvertrages wird analysiert, ob der Übergang in unterschiedliche Vertragsverhältnisse auch unterschiedliche gesundheitliche Auswirkungen hat. Es zeigt sich, dass für arbeitslose Arbeiter die Arbeitsaufnahme positive gesundheitliche Auswirkungen hat, sich dieser Effekt aber bei Arbeitern, die einen befristeten Job annehmen, verringert. Hinzukommen überraschende Unterschiede nach Geschlecht und Land, wobei Frauen in der Regel weniger über positive gesundheitliche Auswirkungen einer Arbeitsaufnahme berichten. Dieses Ergebnis fand für Westdeutschland seine Erklärung als Folge der Doppelbelastung von bezahlter Arbeit und unbezahlter Betreuungsarbeit im Haushalt. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
The incidence of temporary employment in advanced economies: why is Spain different? (2006)
Polavieja, Javier G.;Zitatform
Polavieja, Javier G. (2006): The incidence of temporary employment in advanced economies. Why is Spain different? In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 22, H. 1, S. 61-78. DOI:10.1093/esr/jci042
Abstract
"This study analyses the determinants of the rate of temporary employment in 15 advanced economies using both macro-level data drawn from the OECD and EUROSTAT databases, as well as micro-level data drawn from the eighth wave of the European Household Panel. Comparative analysis is set out to test different explanations originally formulated for the Spanish case. The evidence suggests that the overall distribution of temporary employment in the analysed countries does not seem to be explicable by the characteristics of national productive structures. This evidence seems at odds with previous interpretations based on segmentation theories. As an alternative explanation, two types of supply-side factors are tested: crowding-out effects and educational gaps in the workforce. Both seem ill suited to explain the distribution of temporary work in the analysed economies. Institutional factors do, however, seem to play an important role. Multivariate analysis shows that the level of institutional protection in standard employment during the 1980s, together with the degree of coordinated centralization of the collective bargaining system, seem to have a significant impact on the distribution of temporary employment in the countries examined. Yet these institutional variables alone still fail to account for the Spanish difference. The Spanish puzzle seems, however, explicable when an interaction between employment protection in standard contracts and unemployment shocks is accounted for. This interaction is expected from a theoretical standpoint and proves consistent with both country-specific and comparative evidence." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Regulating new forms of employment: local experiments and social innovation in Europe (2006)
Regalia, Ida; Lope, Andreu; Marginson, Paul; Ballarino, Gabriele ; Mcilroy, Rachel; Duclos, Laurent; Meriaux, Olivier; Gibert, Francesc; Regalia, Ida; Bortolotti, Franco; Scherer, Stefani ; Giaccone, Mariao;Zitatform
Regalia, Ida (Hrsg.) (2006): Regulating new forms of employment. Local experiments and social innovation in Europe. London u.a.: Routledge, 289 S.
Abstract
"Using a comparative framework, this new volume focuses on how non-standard employment can be regulated in very different social, political and institutional settings. After surveying these new forms of work and the new demands for labour-market regulation, the authors identify possible solutions among local-level actors and provide a detailed analysis of how firms assess the advantages and disadvantages of flexible forms of employment. The authors provide six detailed case studies to examine the successes and failures of experimental approaches and social innovation in various regions in the UK, France, Germany, Italy and Spain." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Dreaming of a stable job: The transitions of temporary workers in Italy and Spain (2005)
Zitatform
Hernanz, Virginia, Federica Origo, Manuela Samek & Luis Toharia (2005): Dreaming of a stable job: The transitions of temporary workers in Italy and Spain. (TLM.NET working paper 2005-20), Amsterdam, 24 S.
Abstract
"The aim of this paper is to shed further light on transitions made by workers in Italy and Spain from temporary to stable employment. The analysis focuses on a comparison of involuntary temporary workers (i.e., individuals working on a fixed-term basis only, because they could not find permanent employment), with both other temporary workers and the unemployed. Not surprisingly, the rate of involuntary temporary employment is extremely high in both Italy and Spain (in 2002, 41% of Italian and 70% of Spanish temporary workers aged 15-64 were involuntary, compared to the EU average of 34%), despite the different incidence of overall temporary work between the two nations (around 10% of total employment in Italy, 30% in Spain). Institutional similarities between Italy and Spain (i.e., tight labour market regulation, extended family networks with low female participation rates, and important internal regional differences), in addition to their distinct policies towards temporary employment, make them ideal cases for studying the shifts made by workers from temporary to more stable jobs. Empirical analysis of longitudinal micro-data drawn from Italian and Spanish Labour Force surveys, reveals two different models. The Italian unemployed are in fact less likely to find a job than their Spanish counterparts, but they are more likely to get a stable job than a temporary one. Furthermore, temporary employees in Italy have a significant probability of obtaining a stable job and a relatively low probability of falling into unemployment. In sharp contrast, the unemployed in Spain are more likely to find temporary jobs than remain jobless, but once working have few options for upward mobility and seem to get 'stuck', at least in the short term. Econometric estimates demonstrate that temporary workers in both countries are actually more likely to get a stable job than are the unemployed, but no significant differences seem to emerge between involuntary and other temporary employees. Nonetheless, the marginal effect of temporary work experience (holding other factors constant) is much higher in Italy than in Spain (0.26 vs. 0.03). Furthermore, the positive effect of temporary work experience may be slightly higher (at least in the case of Italy) if unobserved heterogeneity is taken into account, suggesting the existence of negative (self-) selection into temporary employment. This may be due to the fact that, holding other observable characteristics constant, some individuals (whose unobserved characteristics make them more likely to get a stable job) prefer to remain unemployed (presumably waiting for a stable job) than to accept a temporary employment position." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Unions and flexible employment in Britain and Spain: a descriptive note (2004)
Francesconi, Marco; Garcia-Serrano, Carlos;Zitatform
Francesconi, Marco & Carlos Garcia-Serrano (2004): Unions and flexible employment in Britain and Spain. A descriptive note. In: Industrial relations, Jg. 43, H. 4, S. 874-882.
Abstract
"Spain and Britain are known to have different labor market structures and degrees of employment protection. Despite such differences, they show remarkably similar associations of unionization with temporary employment and nonstandard hours of work. In particular, we find that unionization in both countries is correlated neither with overtime/long hours of work nor temporary employment. In both economies, instead, part-time work is negatively associated with unionization. These cross-national similarities warrant a rethinking of the strategies of enlargement toward flexible forms of work that unions have supposedly adopted in recent years." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Temporary employment, working conditions and expected exits from firms (2004)
Garcia-Serrano, Carlos;Zitatform
Garcia-Serrano, Carlos (2004): Temporary employment, working conditions and expected exits from firms. In: Labour, Jg. 18, H. 2, S. 293-316.
Abstract
"This paper analyses two issues related to working conditions and temporary employment. First, why do temporary workers exhibit lower scores in objective indicators of working life? Second, what is the influence of working conditions on mobility? Using information for Spanish workers, the results indicate that differences in working conditions remain after controlling for individual, job and firm characteristics: in particular, temporary workers with short job tenure seem to occupy jobs with poorer working conditions. Moreover, there is evidence that workers with worse working life are more likely to expect to leave their current firms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Managing labour market related risks in Europe: policy implications (2004)
Laparra, Miguel; Vogler-Ludwig, Kurt; Frey, Luigi; Düll, Nicola; Lindley, Robert; Darmon, Isabelle; Frade, Carlos;Zitatform
Laparra, Miguel (2004): Managing labour market related risks in Europe. Policy implications. Pamplona u.a., 130 S.
Abstract
Die Studie wurde im Rahmen des Projekts ESCOPE erstellt, dessen Zielsetzung es ist, zu einem besseren vergleichenden Verständnis und zu einer besseren vergleichenden Bewertung sogenannter 'prekärer Beschäftigungsverhältnisse' als einer der Hauptaspekte sozialer und sozioökonomischer Unsicherheit und Risiken in Europa beizutragen. Leitende Forschungsfragen sind: Was wird unter 'prekären Beschäftigungsverhältnissen' sowohl seitens der Arbeitsmarktforschung als auch der Politik in fünf untersuchten Ländern (Frankreich, Deutschland, Italien, Spanien, Großbritannien) aber auch auf europäischer und internationaler Ebene verstanden? Welches sind die Hauptmerkmale der Formen prekärer Beschäftigungsverhältnisse und wie wirken sich sektorale Faktoren und nationale Regulierungen aus? Welches Verständnis von 'prekärer Beschäftigung' könnte sowohl aus wissenschaftlicher als auch aus operationaler Hinsicht besser geeignet sein, angemessene Maßnahmen seitens der Politik in Gang zu setzen? Unter dieser Zielsetzung ist der Projektbericht in vier Teile gegliedert: Der erste Teil umfasst eine Bestandsaufnahme der Literatur zu Inhalt und Bedeutung prekärer Beschäftigung, daran schließt ein Überblick über Umfang und Formen derartiger Beschäftigungsverhältnisse an, gefolgt von einer Analyse der Ursachen und Umstände prekärer Beschäftigung in Form von Fallstudien in den fünf Ländern. Abschließend werden die politischen Implikationen der Untersuchungsergebnisse auf europäischer Ebene diskutiert. (IAB)
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Literaturhinweis
The difficulty of reconciling flexibility and security in Spain: the paradigmatic case of part-time work (2004)
Valdés Dal-Ré, Fernando;Zitatform
Valdés Dal-Ré, Fernando (2004): The difficulty of reconciling flexibility and security in Spain: the paradigmatic case of part-time work. In: Transfer, Jg. 10, H. 2, S. 248-262. DOI:10.1177/102425890401000208
Abstract
"Zwischen 1984 und 1993 haben sich die Teilzeitbeschäftigungsquoten in Spanien verdreifacht. Die zunehmende Verbreitung von Teilzeitarbeit war Ausdruck der in diesem Zeitraum und darüber hinaus geführten Beschäftigungspolitik die darauf abzielte, ein Höchstmaß an Flexibilität beim Abschluss von Arbeitsverträgen, d.h. sowohl Vollzeit- als auch Teilzeitverträgen, zu gewähren. Teilzeitarbeit war und ist in gewissem Maße auch heute noch mit einer hohen Beschäftigungsunsicherheit verbunden. Der Beitrag untersucht die aufeinander folgenden und zum Teil widersprüchlichen Maßnahmen, die seit 1994 von den Sozialpartnern und der Regierung ergriffen wurden, um die Qualität und die Sicherheit der Teilzeitarbeit zu erhöhen. Er befasst sich mit der Frage, inwieweit diese Maßnahmen ihre Ziele erreicht haben." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Kündigungsschutz, Befristung und Leiharbeit in Europa (2004)
Zachert, Ulrich;Zitatform
Zachert, Ulrich (2004): Kündigungsschutz, Befristung und Leiharbeit in Europa. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 57, H. 3, S. 132-137.
Abstract
"Die vergleichende Untersuchung der normativen und tatsächlichen Lage in verschiedenen europäischen Ländern gibt Anhaltspunkte dafür, dass viele gegen die bestehenden Schutzstandards in der nationalen Debatte wiederholt vorgetragenen Argumente entweder unrichtig oder undifferenziert sind. Der Beitrag bietet eine Darstellung der rechtlichen Aspekte des Kündigungsschutzes (z.B. das Verhältnis zwischen Richterrecht und Gesetzesrecht, die Regelung von Schwellenwerten und Abfindungen und Prekaritätsabfindungen, die Möglichkeit der Weiterbeschäftigung und die Präventivfunktion) und ergänzt diese um eine Darstellung der rechtlichen Regelungen zur Befristung und Leiharbeit. Dabei wird untersucht, dass die atypischen Beschäftigungsformen als Ausweichstrategie für zu rigiden Kündigungsschutz genutzt werden können oder aber als Brücke zum Dauerarbeitsvertrag oder Drehtüreffekt dienen. Ein wesentliches Ergebnis des Beitrags ist, dass der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitsmarkt und Regulierungsintensität der Beendigungstatbestände in der (fach-)öffentlichen Diskussion stark überschätzt wird." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Contingent employment in Europe and the United States (2003)
Bergström, Ola; Paauwe, Jaap; Perez Perez, Manuel; Bergström, Ola; Peuntner, Thomas; Ellis, Rebecca; Pot, Ferrie; Koene, Bas; Purcell, John; Storrie, Donald; Storrie, Donald; Glasgow, Doug; Tailby, Stephanie; Cam, Surhan; McGlashan, Kay;Zitatform
Bergström, Ola & Donald Storrie (Hrsg.) (2003): Contingent employment in Europe and the United States. Cheltenham u.a.: Elgar, 256 S.
Abstract
"The book examines the developments in labour markets in advanced economies in the 21st century, as regards contingent employment. This is defined as employment relationships that can be terminated with minimal costs within a predetermined period of time. This includes fixed-term contracts, temporary agency work and self-employment. Contingent employment has been the subject of much legislative activity in the last decade, at both the national and European level. Temporary agency work, in particular, has recently been extensively deregulated in most European countries and currently we await the fate of a proposed EU directive on agency work. Using evidence from Germany, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, the UK and the US, the authors assess the increasing use of contingent employment against the legislative and institutional background in these countries. The European countries represent a wide range of regulatory regimes within the European Union, and comparison with the United States, where contingent employment is least regulated, is a useful feature of the book. Some emphasis is placed on the role of temporary work agencies. This is not only due to recent spate of legislation but also because agency work is the type of contingent employment that grew most rapidly in the last decade, it is a relatively novel form of employment, and has several interesting theoretical features." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Symposium on temporary work (2002)
Booth, Alison L.; Dolado, Juan J.; Storrie, Donald; Frank, Jeff; Francesconi, Marco; Holmlund, Bertil; Garcia-Serrano, Carlos; Landier, Augustin; Jimeno, Juan F.; Blanchard, Olivier;Zitatform
Booth, Alison L., Juan J. Dolado, Jeff Frank, Marco Francesconi, Olivier Blanchard, Augustin Landier, Bertil Holmlund, Donald Storrie, Carlos Garcia-Serrano & Juan F. Jimeno (2002): Symposium on temporary work. In: The economic journal, Jg. 112, H. 480, S. 181-295.
Abstract
"This symposium gathers together comparative evidence on the nature and evolution of temporary work in countries with different regulatory frameworks and different labour market conditions. Some of the evidence is microeconomic, providing information on the extent to which temporary jobs are 'good' or 'bad' in terms of worker compensation and career possibilities. Other evidence is macroeconomic, and sheds light both on forces that may explain the rise in temporary work and on the consequences of an increased prevalence of temporaty jobs. The four papers in the symposium examine temporary work in four EU countries: Britain, France, Spain and Sweden. The reason for looking across countries is that the differing institutions in each country - notably the degree of employment protection - allow as to examine different features of temporary work. Overall, the papers in this symposium suggest that the expansion of temporary jobs as a way of increasing labour market flexibility may be undesirable. In the absence of strong employment protection for permanent jobs, as in Britain, temporary jobs are - from worker's perspective - bad jobs, with possible long-term career implications, in particular for men. Even where there is strong EPL for permanent jobs - as in France - the expansion of temporary jobs may be undesirable, leading to high turnover among younger workers. The Swedish study, investigating the causes of the rapid growth in temporary work over the 1990s, suggests that adverse macroeconomic shocks can trigger substantial increases in temporary work. Finally, the Spanish study shows that, once temporary jobs are entrenched in a dual labour market, later reforms to restrict their growth can be unsuccessful, indicating that attempts to reduce firing costs for permanent contracts have so far been insufficient." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Atypische Beschäftigung insgesamt
- Gesamtbetrachtungen
- Erosion des Normalarbeitsverhältnisses
- Prekäre Beschäftigung
- Politik, Arbeitslosigkeitsbekämpfung
- Arbeits- und Lebenssituation atypisch Beschäftigter
- Betriebliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Rechtliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Gesundheitliche Aspekte atypischer Beschäftigung
- Beschäftigungsformen
- Qualifikationsniveau
- Alter
- geographischer Bezug
- Geschlecht