Migration und Integration
Bei dem Thema Einwanderung nach Deutschland gilt es auch die Bedingungen einer gelingenden Integration von Zugewanderten in Gesellschaft, Bildung und Arbeit zu untersuchen. Die Arbeitsmarktforschung beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, wie die Integration in das Bildungs- und Ausbildungssystem, der Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt sowie die Bedingungen der sozialen Teilhabe und kulturellen Integration verbessert werden können.
Aktuelle Studien zeigen zudem, dass Deutschland angesichts seiner demographischen Herausforderungen dringend auf Zuwanderung angewiesen ist. Inwiefern kann Zuwanderung der Schrumpfung und Alterung des Erwerbspersonenpotenzials entgegenwirken? Welche Entwicklungen in der nationalen und europäischen Einwanderungspolitik begünstigen die Einwanderung von Erwerbspersonen und Fachkräften? Die hier zusammengestellte Literatur bietet einen aktuellen und umfassenden Überblick über den Themenkomplex Migration und Integration.
Literatur zum Thema Flucht und Asyl finden Sie in unserer IAB-Infoplattform Fluchtmigrantinnen und -migranten - Bildung und Arbeitsmarkt.
Zurück zur Übersicht- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen
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Literaturhinweis
Mitigating medical brain drain: the role of developmental HRM and the focus on opportunities in reducing the self-initiated expatriation of young professionals (2024)
Goštautaitė, Bernadeta; Mayrhofer, Wolfgang; Jankauskienė, Danguolė; Bučiūnienė, Ilona;Zitatform
Goštautaitė, Bernadeta, Wolfgang Mayrhofer, Ilona Bučiūnienė & Danguolė Jankauskienė (2024): Mitigating medical brain drain: the role of developmental HRM and the focus on opportunities in reducing the self-initiated expatriation of young professionals. In: The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Jg. 35, H. 3, S. 367-393. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2023.2241815
Abstract
"Although 'brain drain' from emerging economies is a well-documented problem, research on how Human Resource Management (HRM) can potentially address it is still scarce. Based on Signaling Theory, we argue that developmental HRM practices in home countries reduce self-initiated expatriation (SIE) of young healthcare professionals by increasing their focus on opportunities in their home country. Additionally, we hypothesize that individual financial stability as a personal resource constitutes an important boundary condition, as developmental HRM's positive effect on the focus on opportunities and its indirect negative effect on SIE intention may be even stronger for individuals with lower financial resources. We tested and found support for our hypotheses using a sample of 184 junior doctors in Lithuania in a time-lagged study. By bridging the HRM and SIE literature, our study extends the existing knowledge about the outcomes of HRM and highlights the importance of home country HRM in explaining SIE intention above and beyond its traditionally considered antecedents. In this way, our study has major theoretical and practical implications for decision-makers at organizational and national levels in managing brain drain from emerging economies." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The effect of migration on careers of natives (2024)
Haan, Peter; Wnuk, Izabela;Zitatform
Haan, Peter & Izabela Wnuk (2024): The effect of migration on careers of natives. (DIW-Diskussionspapiere 2070), Berlin, 54 S.
Abstract
This paper examines the effect of increasing foreign staffing on the labor market outcomes of native workers in the German long-term care sector. Using administrative social security data covering the universe of long-term care workers and policy-induced exogenous variation, we find that increased foreign staffing reduces labor shortages but has diverging implications for the careers of native workers in the sector. While it causes a transition of those currently employed to jobs with better working conditions, higher wages, and non-manual tasks, it simultaneously diminishes re-employment prospects for the unemployed natives with LTC experience.
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Literaturhinweis
Kommunikation mit Geflüchteten: Wie Jobcenter mit sprachlicher Diversität umgehen (2024)
Zitatform
Hartosch, Katja, Peter Kupka, Christopher Osiander, Angela Rauch & Franziska Schreyer (2024): Kommunikation mit Geflüchteten: Wie Jobcenter mit sprachlicher Diversität umgehen. In: IAB-Forum H. 13.03.2024. DOI:10.48720/IAB.FOO.20240313.01
Abstract
"Da Geflüchtete oft noch wenig Deutsch sprechen, gestaltet sich die Verständigung mit den Jobcentern häufig schwierig. Um dieser Herausforderung zu begegnen, setzen Jobcenter beispielsweise Dolmetschende ein, rekrutieren Fachkräfte, die selbst Sprachen von Geflüchteten sprechen, oder versuchen, sich nach Möglichkeit auf Englisch oder Französisch zu verständigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Beteiligte aus dem IAB
Hartosch, Katja; Kupka, Peter; Osiander, Christopher ; Schreyer, Franziska; Rauch, Angela ; -
Literaturhinweis
Annual Report on Intra-EU Labour Mobility 2023 (2024)
Hassan, Emmanuel; Cinova, Daniela; Geraci, Matthew; Siöland, Linus; Akbaba, Berkay; Gasperini, Michela;Zitatform
Hassan, Emmanuel, Linus Siöland, Berkay Akbaba, Daniela Cinova, Michela Gasperini & Matthew Geraci (2024): Annual Report on Intra-EU Labour Mobility 2023. (... annual report on intra-EU labour mobility / European Commission), Luxembourg, 158 S. DOI:10.2767/388182
Abstract
"This annual report presents the latest findings on intra-EU labour mobility, offering updated insights into the trends observed in EU and EFTA countries using data from 2021 and 2022. The analysis encompasses the mobility of all working-age EU citizens (aged 20-64). In Chapter 2, the report delves into the movement and characteristics of the mobile population in the EU and EFTA. Chapter 3 expands on the labour market participation and integration of EU movers. Lastly, in Chapter 4 the intra-EU mobility of seniors and retired movers is analysed, also exploring the relationship between intra-EU mobility and exports of pensions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Anerkennung und Qualifizierung Zugewanderter zur Fachkräftesicherung (2024)
Heimann, Christiane; Benzer, Ulrike;Zitatform
Heimann, Christiane & Ulrike Benzer (2024): Anerkennung und Qualifizierung Zugewanderter zur Fachkräftesicherung. In: Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik - online, S. 1-22.
Abstract
"Aufgrund des hohen Fachkräftebedarfs wurde das deutsche Aufenthaltsrecht in den vergangenen 15 Jahren zunehmend offener für Erwerbszuwanderung. Neue Zuwanderungswege, Visa und Möglichkeiten der beruflichen Anerkennung wurden geschaffen. Dennoch bleiben die Zuwanderungsraten bisher weit hinter den politisch und wirtschaftlich erwünschten 400.000 Zuwandernden jährlich zurück (vgl. Fuchs/Söhnlein/Weber 2021). Um darzustellen, wie ausländische Fachkräfte und Betriebe die gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen für sich nutzen können, analysiert dieser Beitrag die Chancen und Herausforderungen der beruflichen Anerkennung und Qualifizierung von neu Einreisenden und Zugewanderten. Dargestellt werden Ergebnisse aus der Begleitforschung der Fachstelle Anerkennung und Qualifizierung des Forschungsinstituts Betriebliche Bildung (f-bb), welche Teil des Förderprogramms „Integration durch Qualifizierung (IQ)“ ist. Die Herausforderungen der unterschiedlichen Zuwanderungswege und Prozesse der beruflichen Anerkennung werden skizziert. Dafür wird zunächst ein Überblick über Akteure und Prozesse gegeben, die für die Zuwanderung, Anerkennung und Qualifizierung relevant sind. Anschließend werden verschiedene Zuwanderergruppen nach ihren Berufen in der Pflege, den dualen Ausbildungsberufen und der Frühpädagogik unterschieden, um deren Voraussetzungen für die Berufszulassung und die berufliche Anerkennung darzustellen. Dieser Beitrag soll Praktiker*innen der schulischen und betrieblichen Berufsbildung sowie Vertreter*innen aus Wissenschaft und Bildungspolitik die Potentiale, Hürden und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten der Anerkennung und Qualifizierung bei der Fachkräftezuwanderung aufzeigen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Immigration, Female Labour Supply and Local Cultural Norms (2024)
Zitatform
Jessen, Jonas, Sophia Schmitz & Felix Weinhardt (2024): Immigration, Female Labour Supply and Local Cultural Norms. In: The Economic Journal, Jg. 134, H. 659, S. 1146-1172., 2023-10-04. DOI:10.1093/ej/uead097
Abstract
"We study the local evolution of female labour supply and cultural norms in West Germany in reaction to the sudden presence of East Germans who migrated to the West after reunification. These migrants grew up with high rates of maternal employment, whereas West German families mostly followed the traditional breadwinner-housewife model. We find that West German women increase their labour supply and that this holds within households. We provide additional evidence on stated gender norms, West-East friendships, intermarriage, and child care infrastructure. The dynamic evolution of the effects on labour supply is best explained by local cultural learning." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
DACA, Mobility Investments, and Economic Outcomes of Immigrants and Natives (2024)
Kiser, Jimena Villanueva; Wilson, Riley;Zitatform
Kiser, Jimena Villanueva & Riley Wilson (2024): DACA, Mobility Investments, and Economic Outcomes of Immigrants and Natives. (Upjohn Institute working paper 395), Kalamazoo, Mich., 45 S.
Abstract
"Exploiting variation created by Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), we document the effects of immigrant legalization on immigrant mobility investments and economic outcomes. We provide new evidence that DACA increased both geographic and job mobility of young immigrants, often leading them to high-paying labor markets and licensed occupations. We then examine whether these gains to immigrants spill over and affect labor market outcomes of U.S.-born workers. Exploiting immigrant enclaves and source-country flows of DACA-eligible immigrants to isolate plausibly exogenous variation in the concentration of DACA recipients, we show that in labor markets where more of the working-age population can access legal protection through DACA, U.S.-born workers see little-to-no change in employment rates and actually observe increases in wage earnings after DACA's implementation. These gains are concentrated among older and more educated workers, suggesting immigrant workers complement U.S.-born workers and immigrant legalization generates broader local labor market benefits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The causal effect of liberalizing legal requirements on naturalization intentions (2024)
Zitatform
Kosyakova, Yuliya & Andreas Damelang (2024): The causal effect of liberalizing legal requirements on naturalization intentions. (IAB-Discussion Paper 04/2024), Nürnberg, 36 S. DOI:10.48720/IAB.DP.2404
Abstract
"Diese Studie untersucht die vielfältigen Faktoren, die die Einbürgerungsabsichten von Geflüchteten beeinflussen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf den rechtlichen Anforderungen und der Umsetzung von Einbürgerungsgesetzen liegt. Es wird zwischen verschiedenen Einwanderergruppen unterschieden, insbesondere Geflüchteten, Bürgern der Europäischen Union (EU) und Nicht-EU-Bürgern. Mit Hilfe eines Vignettenexperiments unter Eingewanderten in einer umfangreichen repräsentativen Studie in Deutschland werden die Auswirkungen der Liberalisierung der rechtlichen Anforderungen und einem inklusiveren Einbürgerungsprozess auf die Absichten, die deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft zu erwerben, empirisch analysiert. Dieser Vergleich, sowohl zwischen aktuellen und liberalisierten Anforderungen als auch zwischen weniger und mehr inklusiven Einbürgerungsverfahren, bietet ein realistisches Szenario, wie Liberalisierung und Inklusivität die Einbürgerungsabsichten beeinflussen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Liberalisierung der rechtlichen Anforderungen, insbesondere die Möglichkeit der doppelten Staatsbürgerschaft und eine verkürzte Wartezeit, einen positiven Effekt auf die Einbürgerungsabsichten hat. Gleichzeitig unterscheiden sich diese Effekte zwischen den drei Einwanderergruppen, insbesondere aufgrund von Unterschieden in den empfundenen Vorteilen der Einbürgerung. Im Gegensatz dazu hat ein inklusiverer Einbürgerungsprozess keinen Einfluss auf die Einbürgerungsabsichten der Eingewanderten. Diese Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung der Staatsbürgerschaftspolitik für die Einbürgerungsabsichten von Eingewanderten. Allerdings zeigen die Ergebnisse auch differenzierte Reaktionen auf liberalisierte Anforderungen und betonen die Bedeutung von gruppenspezifischen Kosten-Nutzen-Überlegungen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
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Literaturhinweis
Erwerbstätigkeit ukrainischer Geflüchteter in Deutschland: Mütter haben die geringeren Erwerbschancen (2024)
Zitatform
Kosyakova, Yuliya & Silvia Schwanhäuser (2024): Erwerbstätigkeit ukrainischer Geflüchteter in Deutschland: Mütter haben die geringeren Erwerbschancen. In: IAB-Forum – Grafik aktuell H. 10.04.2024.
Abstract
"Neben Faktoren wie Deutschkenntnissen, Bildungsabschlüssen und Bleibeabsichten beeinflusst auch die Haushaltskonstellation die Erwerbschancen von ukrainischen Geflüchteten in Deutschland. Familiäre Verpflichtungen wirken sich insbesondere für Frauen negativ auf die Aufnahme einer Erwerbstätigkeit aus. So liegt in Familien mit Kindern der Anteil der erwerbstätigen Frauen rund 10 Prozentpunkte unter dem der Männer. In Familien ohne Kinder hingegen sind Frauen häufiger erwerbstätig als Männer. Wegen der mitunter schwierigen Vereinbarkeit von Erwerbstätigkeit und Kinderbetreuung sind die Erwerbstätigenquoten von Alleinerziehenden eher niedrig. Dies fällt besonders bei den Frauen ins Gewicht, da über ein Drittel von Ihnen alleinerziehend sind." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)
Weiterführende Informationen
Weitere Informationen finden Sie im IAB-Kurzbericht 14/2023 -
Literaturhinweis
Importance of Personality Traits for Destination-Language Acquisition: Evidence for Refugees in Germany (2024)
Zitatform
Kosyakova, Yuliya & Marie-Christine Laible (2024): Importance of Personality Traits for Destination-Language Acquisition: Evidence for Refugees in Germany. In: International migration review, Jg. 58, H. 1, S. 347-385., 2022-09-26. DOI:10.1177/01979183221132538
Abstract
"We analyze the role of personality traits in destination-language proficiency among recent refugees in Germany. While personality traits have been shown to predict educational outcomes, they have been largely overlooked for immigrants' language acquisition. We extend a well-established model of destination-language proficiency and assume that personality traits' effects manifest through the channels of exposure, efficiency, and incentives. Using longitudinal data and growth curve models, we find that personality traits significantly shaped destination-language learning. Openness to new experiences, conscientiousness, risk appetite, locus of control and resilience were positively related to destination-language proficiency, while agreeableness and neuroticism were insignificant. The positive impact of extraversion and the negative impact of self-esteem on destination-language proficiency were only marginally significant. For all personality traits, we observe that both the efficiency of learning and exposure to learning opportunities represented possible channels through which personality traits affected refugees' destination-language proficiency. In sum, personality traits affect refugees' destination-language proficiency and, thereby, contribute to sustainable economic and societal integration processes. We conclude by discussing implications for international migration research and policy." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Precarity prevented or reinforced? Migrants' right to change employers in the recast of the EU Single Permit Directive (2024)
Zitatform
Lange, Tesseltje de & Mariella Falkenhain (2024): Precarity prevented or reinforced? Migrants' right to change employers in the recast of the EU Single Permit Directive. In: Frontiers in Sociology, Jg. 8, S. 1-12., 2023-12-19. DOI:10.3389/fsoc.2023.1267235
Abstract
"Labor migration policies within the European Union and its Member States typically address two conflictive labor market policy goals. They aim to attract and retain foreign workers in a situation of labor shortage, while at the same time protecting the national workforce from additional labor market competition. The balancing of these two goals is commonly resolved in favor of nationals and with fewer rights for migrant workers. It is precisely this nexus between migrant rights and the protection of the national workforce that is central to the understudied question of whether and under what conditions migrant workers from third countries (i.e. non-EU countries) may change their employer to quit low-quality work or exploitative employment, or for career reasons. Building on scholarly discussions on employer dependency and bureaucratic complexity as general sources of migrant precarity, as well as on international and EU law on the rights of migrant workers, this article presents three policy variations of the right to change employers currently in place in the European context. Thereby we fill a gap in the literature on labor migration, labor market regulation, and migrant workers' rights. To illustrate the mixed ambitions of EU institutions to reduce migrant precarity the article then presents and critically discusses the high-level negotiations over the recast of the EU Single Permit Directive 2011/98 that were centered around the right to change employers." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Frontiers Media) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Racial Capitalism and Entrepreneurship: An Intersectional Feminist Labour Market Perspective on UK Self-Employment (2024)
Zitatform
Martinez Dy, Angela, Dilani Jayawarna & Susan Marlow (2024): Racial Capitalism and Entrepreneurship: An Intersectional Feminist Labour Market Perspective on UK Self-Employment. In: Sociology online erschienen am 16.03.2024. DOI:10.1177/00380385241228444
Abstract
"This article explains entrepreneurial activity patterns in the United Kingdom labour market using theories of racial capitalism and intersectional feminism. Using UK Office for National Statistics Labour Force Survey data 2018–2019 and employing probit modelling techniques on employment modes, self-employment types and work arrangements among differing groups, we investigate inequality in self-employment within and between socio-structural groupings of race, class and gender. We find that those belonging to non-dominant gender, race and socio-economic class groupings experience an intersecting set of entrepreneurial penalties, enhancing understanding of the ways multiple social hierarchies interact in self-employment patterns. This robust quantitative evidence challenges contemporary debates, policy and practice regarding the potential for entrepreneurship to offer viable income generation opportunities by those on the socio-economic margins." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Does immigration affect native wages? A meta-analysis (2024)
Zitatform
Nedoncelle, Clément, Léa Marchal, Amandine Aubry & Jérôme Héricourt (2024): Does immigration affect native wages? A meta-analysis. (KCG policy paper / Kiel Centre for Globalization 31), Kiel, 43 S.
Abstract
"The impact of immigration on native workers' wages has been a topic of long-standing debate. This meta-analysis reviews 42 studies published between 1987 to 2019, offering a comprehensive assessment of reduced-form estimates of the wage effect of immigration. The results confirm that immigration has a negligible effect on native wages. However, a more pronounced wage impact is observable for the U.S. and in recent years. Our analysis underscores the influence of methodological advances and increased data availability in shaping wage effect estimates. Results also highlight the role of the estimator (OLS vs. IV-2SLS, as well as the use of shift-share instruments) in determining the sign and magnitude of the estimated wage effect." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Higher Rates of Bullying Reported by 'White' Males: Gender and Ethno-Racial Intersections and Bullying in the Workplace (2024)
Patel, Tina G.; Carr, Luke; Kamerade, Daiga;Zitatform
Patel, Tina G., Daiga Kamerade & Luke Carr (2024): Higher Rates of Bullying Reported by 'White' Males: Gender and Ethno-Racial Intersections and Bullying in the Workplace. In: Work, Employment and Society, Jg. 38, H. 2, S. 442-460. DOI:10.1177/09500170221134397
Abstract
"Existing workplace bullying literature suggests that ethno-racial minorities and women are more likely to be bullied in relation to their ethnicity, race or gender. However, very few studies apply an intersectional framework of analysis to consider, for instance, how ethno-racial status and gender interacts to affect general workplace bullying experiences and their reporting decisions. This article uses an intersectional analytical framework and a cross-sectional quantitative analysis of the British Workplace Behaviour Survey (2007–2008) to examine bullying in the workplace, as experienced by the intersections of ethno-racial status and gender. In discussing how some groups report particular dimensions of bullying more than others, this article closely examines the somewhat unexpected finding that ‘white’ men were significantly more likely to report instances of workplace bullying. This article argues for the use of an intersectional analytical approach to understand and progressively address the nuances of identity, power and workplace bullying experiences." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
'With a little help from my educated friends': revisiting the role of social capital for immigrants' labour market integration in Germany (2024)
Zitatform
Rüdel, Julia & Jan-Philip Steinmann (2024): 'With a little help from my educated friends': revisiting the role of social capital for immigrants' labour market integration in Germany. In: Comparative Migration Studies, Jg. 12. DOI:10.1186/s40878-024-00366-3
Abstract
"This article examines the link between immigrants' social capital and their labor market access (employment) and success (occupational status) in Germany and contributes to previous research in two ways. Firstly, based on insights from theories of social capital and immigrant integration, we overcome the mere distinction between inter- and intra-ethnic ties. Instead, we approximate resources immigrants can access and mobilize by considering both the ethnic and socioeconomic compositions of their networks. Secondly, by using autoregressive cross-lagged panel models, we properly deal with the methodological challenge of endogeneity inherent to studies concerned with the relationship between social capital and labor market outcomes. Based on longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel the empirical findings indicate the necessity of considering both the ethnic and socioeconomic compositions of immigrants' networks—as both have independent effects on immigrants' labor marketintegration. We conclude that future research on the relationship between immigrants' social capital and their economic integration may benefit from approximating resources available through social contacts by considering not only the ethnic dimension but also the socioeconomic dimension of contacts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Personal Social Networks of Recent Refugees in Germany: Does Family Matter? (2024)
Zitatform
Sauer, Lenore & Elisabeth K. Kraus (2024): Personal Social Networks of Recent Refugees in Germany: Does Family Matter? In: Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies, Jg. 22, H. 1, S. 134-148. DOI:10.1080/15562948.2021.2017096
Abstract
"This article explores the composition of the personal social networks and their interrelation with the family context of recently arrived refugees in Germany. Using the Refugee Sample of the German Socio-Economic Panel (2017) and performing logistic regression analyses, the findings suggest that refugees living without their partner, children, or extended family in Germany are more likely to have at least one close non-kin confidant. The same holds true for inter-ethnic contacts. Moreover, the results show that also opportunity structures like the workplace or leisure-time activities matter. As male and female refugees have different family arrangements, differences by sex emerge." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
The Role of Gender in Asylum Migration to Europe: Analyzing Country-Level Factors of Gendered Selection of Asylum Seekers to Europe (2024)
Zitatform
Schiele, Maximilian (2024): The Role of Gender in Asylum Migration to Europe: Analyzing Country-Level Factors of Gendered Selection of Asylum Seekers to Europe. In: Journal of Immigrant and Refugee Studies online erschienen am 12.01.2024, S. 1-16. DOI:10.1080/15562948.2023.2298515
Abstract
"While 50% of displaced individuals worldwide are female, women comprised only 31% of the people seeking asylum in Europe between 2008 and 2018. This study utilizes data from Eurostat on 5.6 million asylum-seekers between 2008 and 2018 to identify the country-level factors that drive this gendered selection. The effects are calculated using both a random effects panel model and a fixed effects panel model with clustered standard errors. The results suggest that country-level differences in the degree of gendered selection are largely driven by socio-demographic factors related to women’s social position within their country of origin." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Taylor & Francis) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migration, Education and Employment: Pathways to Successful Integration (2024)
Teräs, Marianne; Osman, Ali; Eliasson, Eva;Zitatform
Teräs, Marianne, Ali Osman & Eva Eliasson (Hrsg.) (2024): Migration, Education and Employment. Pathways to Successful Integration. (Education, Equity, Economy 10), Cham: Imprint: Springer, VIII, 203 S. DOI:10.1007/978-3-031-41919-5
Abstract
"This is an open access book which focuses on different aspects of education, employment, and successful integration of migrants in three countries: Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland. The chapters in this book reflect on these issues from micro, meso and macro perspectives; some are based on interviews with migrants and people who work with them, others on documents and literature about migration. There are different pathways for skilled migrants to vocations. Some start working in their previous vocations after arriving in the new environment. Some re-enter their professions but on a lower level. Some can re-train themselves in a new vocation, and some will go to further education, as studies in different chapters of this book suggest. Common for successful integration seems to be several intertwined factors: the target language competence, strong motivation and agency, supporting networks and supporting persons, as well as structural opportunities of the new environment. The book's editorial board takes an eclectic view, hoping to start an academic debate about what 'successful integration' means. While discussions about the integration of migrants tend to focus on integration failures, there are millions of migrants, in different countries, who have successfully integrated into their new societies." (Provided by publisher)
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Literaturhinweis
Unequal effects on working time: immigrants’ vulnerability in the German labor market in the early COVID-19 pandemic (2024)
Zitatform
Tobler, Lina, Lukas Fervers, Marita Jacob & Veronika Knize (2024): Unequal effects on working time: immigrants’ vulnerability in the German labor market in the early COVID-19 pandemic. In: European Societies online erschienen am 13.02.2024, S. 1-26. DOI:10.1080/14616696.2024.2308011
Abstract
"Do economic shocks increase labor market inequalities between immigrants and natives? The COVID-19 crisis reduced economic activity for almost all social groups, providing a recent case for answering this question. Research tends to focus on employment levels, overlooking potential inequalities in other job characteristics. Workers in Germany have largely kept their jobs, although their working hours were reduced. Using German high-frequency survey data, we analyze whether there was a difference in the reduction of hours for immigrants and immigrants’ descendants (IAD) compared to natives. Since IAD are overrepresented in both heavily affected and essential jobs, we argue that the effects may be heterogeneous across the distribution of the change in hours. As merely comparing averages would ignore this heterogeneity, we employ OLS and quantile treatment effect estimations to analyze working hours changes in the early COVID-19 crisis. Results show that IAD reduced hours more than natives. This effect is particularly pronounced at the lower end of the distribution of the change in working hours. Our findings suggest that IAD experienced economic hardship more often than natives and corroborate earlier findings of increased immigrant-native inequalities in times of crisis. This calls for further investigation of policies aimed at protecting vulnerable groups." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku, © Taylor & Francis) ((en))
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Literaturhinweis
Migrantische Perspektiven auf Arbeit in Gastronomie, Reinigung und Pflege: Arbeitsfelder der Ankunft (2024)
Yalçın, Serhat; Hubenthal, Natalie; Dieterich, Juliane;Zitatform
Yalçın, Serhat, Natalie Hubenthal & Juliane Dieterich (2024): Migrantische Perspektiven auf Arbeit in Gastronomie, Reinigung und Pflege: Arbeitsfelder der Ankunft. (Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. Study 487), Düsseldorf, 232 S.
Abstract
"In Deutschland existieren Beschäftigungsfelder für Migrierte, die sich von regulärer, berufsförmiger Arbeit unterscheiden. Diese spezifisch migrantisch geprägten Arbeitsbereiche werden in dieser explorativ angelegten, qualitativen Studie als Ankunftsarbeit bezeichnet. Wie Migrierte ihre Beschäftigung in der Ankunftsarbeit erleben und deuten und welche beruflichen Perspektiven sie mit ihrer Tätigkeit verbinden, wird am Beispiel der Arbeitsfelder Gastronomie, Reinigung und Pflege herausgearbeitet. Die Ergebnisse liefern wichtige Denkanstöße für die Integration von Migrierten in die berufsförmige Arbeitswelt in Deutschland."
Aspekt auswählen:
- Forschung und Ergebnisse aus dem IAB
- Einwanderungspolitik
- Auswirkungen von Migration
- Wanderungsmotivation und Rückwanderung
- Arbeitslosigkeit und Arbeitsmarktpolitik
- Qualifikation, Bildung und Beschäftigung
- Integration und soziale Teilhabe
- internationale Aspekte
- Personengruppen