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Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt

Immer mehr Beschäftigte arbeiten in Deutschland zu Niedriglöhnen. Vor allem junge Menschen sind davon betroffen. Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Die IAB-Infoplattform erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Bringing labour market flexibilization under control? Marginal work and collective regulation in the creative industries in the Netherlands (2022)

    Been, Wike ; Keune, Maarten;

    Zitatform

    Been, Wike & Maarten Keune (2022): Bringing labour market flexibilization under control? Marginal work and collective regulation in the creative industries in the Netherlands. In: European journal of industrial relations online erschienen am 07.10.2022, S. 1-18. DOI:10.1177/09596801221127109

    Abstract

    "The cultural and creative industries (CCI) is a sector where the workforce is highly educated, yet precarious working conditions are prominent. Although flexible and marginal work is often treated as an overall feature of the sector, this study based on register data on all workers in the sector shows that processes of flexibilization and marginalization are highly divergent between its subsectors. In half of the CCI subsectors, some form of collectively bargained response to the ongoing flexibilization and marginalization has emerged. This first of all shows that creative workers do indeed not only care about expressing their creativity but also about their material working and living conditions. Also how employers’ organizations and trade unions respond to these developments by means of collective agreements varies. Where they disagree, concrete action is postponed. Where they align, either counteracting measures are included, or attempts are made to bridge the divide between employees and the self-employed to some extend in the collective agreement. By doing so, they counteract processes of dualization, paving the road for innovative approaches of industrial relations actors. Still, this counts only for part of the CCI as much of it remains not covered by collective agreements." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Niedriglohnentwicklung und Lohnungleichheit im Drei-Länder-Vergleich: der Einfluss kollektiver Akteure (2017)

    Dingeldey, Irene ; Etling, Andreas; Kathmann, Till; de Beer, Paul;

    Zitatform

    Dingeldey, Irene, Andreas Etling, Till Kathmann & Paul de Beer (2017): Niedriglohnentwicklung und Lohnungleichheit im Drei-Länder-Vergleich. Der Einfluss kollektiver Akteure. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 70, H. 7, S. 499-506. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2017-7-499

    Abstract

    "Die unterschiedliche Entwicklung der Tarifsysteme in Europa geht mit verschiedenen Dynamiken der Entwicklung von Niedriglohn und Lohnungleichheit einher. Dies wird in diesem Aufsatz am Beispiel der Niederlande, Österreichs und Deutschlands - also weitgehend ähnlicher Ökonomien - nachvollzogen. Die Autoren ergänzen institutionelle Erklärungen, wie sie in der Literatur betont werden, durch die Analyse der Strategien der Sozialpartner und des Staates. Für Österreich zeigt sich, dass die Arbeitgeber ihre Flexibilisierungsziele in einem stabilen, umfassenden Tarifsystem nur bedingt durchsetzen können. In Verbindung mit einer Strategie der Arbeitsplatzsicherung nehmen Gewerkschaften allerdings eine moderate Lohnungleichheit und Niedriglohnanteile in Kauf. In den Niederlanden konnten die Gewerkschaften ihre solidarische Lohnpolitik trotz institutioneller Stabilität nicht realisieren, da die Regierung die relative Absenkung der unteren Löhne forcierte. In Deutschland haben die Gewerkschaften mit der erfolgreichen Durchsetzung des gesetzlichen Mindestlohns die Lohnungleichheit verringert. Zur Senkung der hohen Niedriglohnquote scheinen jedoch weitere Maßnahmen zur Stabilisierung des Tarifsystems notwendig." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Hanging in, but only just: part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis (2016)

    Horemans, Jeroen; Nolan, Brian ; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Horemans, Jeroen, Ive Marx & Brian Nolan (2016): Hanging in, but only just. Part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis. In: IZA journal of European Labor Studies, Jg. 5, S. 1-19. DOI:10.1186/s40174-016-0053-6

    Abstract

    "The crisis has deepened pre-existing concerns regarding low-wage and non-standard employment. Countries where unemployment increased most strongly during the crisis period also saw part-time employment increasing, particularly involuntary part-time work. With involuntary part-time workers, as a particular group of underemployed, facing especially high poverty rates, this was accompanied by an increase, on average, in the poverty risk associated with working part-time. However, this was not reflected in a marked increase in the overall in-work poverty rate because full-time work remains dominant and its poverty risk did not change markedly. The household context is of the essence when considering policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-skill jobs or jobs for low-skilled workers?: An analysis of the institutional determinants of the employment rates of low-educated workers in 19 OECD countries, 1997 - 2010 (2015)

    Abrassart, Aurélien;

    Zitatform

    Abrassart, Aurélien (2015): Low-skill jobs or jobs for low-skilled workers? An analysis of the institutional determinants of the employment rates of low-educated workers in 19 OECD countries, 1997 - 2010. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 25, H. 2, S. 225-241. DOI:10.1177/0958928715573485

    Abstract

    "We often hear that the high unemployment rates of low-educated workers in Europe are due to the rigidities of the institutions increasing the labour costs that burden employers. In this article, we challenge this traditional view and offer alternative explanations to the cross-national variation in the employment rate of low-educated workers. Using macro-data and an error correction model, we analyse the determinants of the creation of jobs for low-educated workers in 19 countries between 1997 and 2010. Our findings tend to invalidate the neoliberal view, while also pointing to the positive impact of investing in public employment services and the predominant role of economic growth, which can be weakened by union density and employment protection in the case of male workers. Last but not least, creating low skill jobs has no or little impact on the employment outcomes of low-educated workers, thus indicating job displacement issues." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The impact of training vouchers on low-skilled workers (2014)

    Hidalgo, Diana; Oosterbeek, Hessel; Webbink, Dinand;

    Zitatform

    Hidalgo, Diana, Hessel Oosterbeek & Dinand Webbink (2014): The impact of training vouchers on low-skilled workers. In: Labour economics, Jg. 31, H. December, S. 117-128. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2014.09.002

    Abstract

    "This paper reports about a randomized experiment in which training vouchers of EURO1000 were given to low-skilled workers. The vouchers increase training participation by almost 20 percentage points in two years, relative to a base rate of 0.45. This increased participation comes at a substantial deadweight loss of almost 60%. Consistent with predictions from human capital theory, we find that vouchers cause a shift towards more general forms of training. We do not find any significant impact of the program on monthly wages or on job mobility. The program does, however, have a significant impact on future training plans. Compared to always-takers, new trainees are more often male, more risk averse, work shorter hours and are less likely to have participated in training prior to treatment. Compared to never-takers, they are more often female, work longer hours and have a somewhat lower formal education level." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Cognitive skills matter: the employment disadvantage of low-educated workers in comparative perspective (2013)

    Abrassart, Aurélien;

    Zitatform

    Abrassart, Aurélien (2013): Cognitive skills matter: the employment disadvantage of low-educated workers in comparative perspective. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 29, H. 4, S. 707-719. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcs049

    Abstract

    "It is now a widely acknowledged fact that the low-educated workers are facing important risks of labour market exclusion in modern economies. However, possessing low levels of educational qualifications leads to very different situations from one country to another, as the cross-national variation in the unemployment rates of these workers attest. While conventional wisdom usually blames welfare states and the resulting rigidity of labour markets for the low employment opportunities of low-educated workers, empirical evidence tends to contradict this predominant view. Using microdata from the International Adult Literacy Survey that was conducted between 1994 and 1998, we examine the sources of the cross-national variation in the employment disadvantage of low-educated workers in 14 industrialized nations. In particular, we test the validity of the conventional theories concerning the supposedly harmful effect of labour market regulation against a new and promising hypothesis on the importance of cognitive skills for the employment opportunities of the low-educated workers. Our findings support the latter and suggest that the greater the cognitive gap between the low-educated workers and those with intermediate education, the lower the chances of being employed for the former relatively to their higher educated counterparts." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low pay persistence in Europe (2013)

    Clark, Ken; Kanellopoulos, Nikolaos C.;

    Zitatform

    Clark, Ken & Nikolaos C. Kanellopoulos (2013): Low pay persistence in Europe. In: Labour economics, Jg. 23, H. August, S. 122-134. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2013.04.014

    Abstract

    "Using panel data for twelve European countries over the period 1994-2001 we estimate the extent of state dependence in low pay for male workers. Controlling for observable and unobservable heterogeneity as well as the endogeneity of initial conditions we find positive, statistically significant state dependence in every single country. The magnitude of this effect varies by country, however this variation is not systematically related to labour market institutions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Why do low-educated workers invest less in further training? (2013)

    Fouarge, Didier; Schils, Trudie; Grip, Andries de;

    Zitatform

    Fouarge, Didier, Trudie Schils & Andries de Grip (2013): Why do low-educated workers invest less in further training? In: Applied Economics, Jg. 45, H. 18, S. 2587-2601. DOI:10.1080/00036846.2012.671926

    Abstract

    "Several studies document that low-educated workers participate less often in further training than high-educated workers. This article investigates two possible explanations: low-educated workers invest less in training because of (1) the lower economic returns to these investments or (2) their lower willingness to participate in training. Controlling for unobserved heterogeneity, we find that the economic returns to training for low-educated workers are positive and not significantly different from those for high-educated workers. However, low-educated workers are significantly less willing to participate in training. We show that this lesser willingness to train is driven by economic preferences, and personality traits." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Service offshoring and the skill composition of labour demand (2012)

    Crino, Rosario;

    Zitatform

    Crino, Rosario (2012): Service offshoring and the skill composition of labour demand. In: Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Jg. 74, H. 1, S. 20-57. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0084.2010.00634.x

    Abstract

    "This article studies the effects of service offshoring on the skill composition of labour demand, using novel comparable data for nine Western European countries between 1990 and 2004. The results show that service offshoring raises the relative demand for high- and medium-skilled workers. Its effects are qualitatively identical, and quantitatively similar, to those of material offshoring. Additional evidence suggests, however, that the two types of offshoring may work through different channels: complementarity between imported services and domestic skills in the case of service offshoring, substitution of low-skilled labour in the case of material offshoring. Overall, the effects are not large in economic terms." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    How real is mobility between low pay, high pay and non-employment? (2012)

    Pavlopoulos, Dimitris ; Muffels, Ruud; Vermunt, Jeroen K.;

    Zitatform

    Pavlopoulos, Dimitris, Ruud Muffels & Jeroen K. Vermunt (2012): How real is mobility between low pay, high pay and non-employment? In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, Statistics in Society, Jg. 175, H. 3, S. 749-773. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2011.01017.x

    Abstract

    "The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of measurement error on low pay transition probabilities. Our approach combines the virtues of panel regression and latent class models, though it does not require the use of validation or reinterview data. Using British, German and Dutch panel data, we show that the true estimated low pay transition probability is much lower that what previous research has found. This implies that almost half of the observed transitions can be attributed to measurement error. The highest low pay transition probabilities are found in Germany and the lowest in the Netherlands. When applying this correction for measurement error in a multivariate model of low pay transitions, the results indicate that measurement error attenuates considerably the effects of the main covariates, such as training, job change, change in the type of employment contract and shift from part-time to full-time employment." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Cognitive skills matter: The employment disadvantage of the low-educated in international comparison (2011)

    Abrassart, Aurelien;

    Zitatform

    Abrassart, Aurelien (2011): Cognitive skills matter: The employment disadvantage of the low-educated in international comparison. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 04/2011), Edinburgh, 26 S.

    Abstract

    "It is now a widely acknowledged fact that the low-skilled are facing important risks of labour market exclusion in modern economies. However, possessing low levels of educational qualifications leads to very different situations from one country to another, as the cross-national variation in the unemployment rates of the low-skilled attest. While conventional wisdom usually blames welfare states and the resulting rigidity of labour markets for the low employment opportunities of low-skilled workers, empirical evidence tends to contradict this predominant view.
    Using microdata from the International Adult Literacy Survey that was conducted between 1994 and 1998, we examine the sources of the cross-national variation in the employment disadvantage of low-skilled workers in 14 industrialized nations. In particular, we test the validity of the conventional theories concerning the supposedly harmful effect of labour market regulation against a new and promising hypothesis on the importance of cognitive skills for the employment opportunities of the low-educated. Our findings support the latter and suggest that the employment disadvantage the low-educated experience relatively to medium-educated workers is mainly due to their deficit in the skills that have become so important for labour market success in the recent past, namely cognitive skills." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective (2011)

    Gesthuizen, Maurice; Solga, Heike ; Künster, Ralf;

    Zitatform

    Gesthuizen, Maurice, Heike Solga & Ralf Künster (2011): Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 264-280. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcq006

    Abstract

    "This article explains the different extent of economic marginalization of low-educated persons in different countries. Research on economic marginalization mainly studies the so-called displacement mechanism: the higher the high-skill supply is in relation to the high-skill demand, the higher is the risk of being unemployed for low-educated workers. In this article, we examine their economic marginalization in terms of status position. This research expands the explanation of economic marginalization of low-educated workers by scrutinizing additional causes, such as negative social selection, negative cognitive competence selection, and the increasing negative signal of being low educated (discredit). The results of the country comparison, using multilevel estimation techniques with inclusion of cross-level interactions, depict that, indeed, educational differences in socio-economic status attainment are larger in countries where the average competence of the group is low, the social composition is unfavourable, and the size of the low-educated group is relatively small. By considering these additional explanations, we are now better able to understand the economic vulnerability of low-educated people in educationally expanded countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Gender gaps across countries and skills: supply, demand and the industry structure (2011)

    Olivetti, Claudia; Petrongolo, Barbara;

    Zitatform

    Olivetti, Claudia & Barbara Petrongolo (2011): Gender gaps across countries and skills. Supply, demand and the industry structure. (CEP discussion paper 1093), London, 42 S.

    Abstract

    "The gender wage gap varies widely across countries and across skill groups within countries. Interestingly, there is a positive cross-country correlation between the unskilled-to-skilled gender wage gap and the corresponding gap in hours worked. Based on a canonical supply and demand framework, this positive correlation would reveal the presence of net demand forces shaping gender differences in labor market outcomes across skills and countries. We use a simple multi-sector framework to illustrate how differences in labor demand for different inputs can be driven by both within-industry and between-industry factors. The main idea is that, if the service sector is more developed in the US than in continental Europe, and unskilled women tend to be over-represented in this sector, we expect unskilled women to suffer a relatively large wage and/or employment penalty in the latter than in the former. We find that, overall, the between-industry component of labor demand explains more than half of the total variation in labor demand between the US and the majority of countries in our sample, as well as one-third of the correlation between wage and hours gaps. The between-industry component is relatively more important in countries where the relative demand for unskilled females is lowest." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Sustaining the work ability and work motivation of lower-educated older workers: directions for work redesign (2011)

    Sanders, Jos; Dorenbosch, Luc; Blonk, Roland; Gründemann, Rob;

    Zitatform

    Sanders, Jos, Luc Dorenbosch, Rob Gründemann & Roland Blonk (2011): Sustaining the work ability and work motivation of lower-educated older workers. Directions for work redesign. In: Management revue, Jg. 22, H. 2, S. 132-150.

    Abstract

    "This study examines directions for work redesign which might lead to the creation of sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers (45 years or over, ISCED 0-2) and thus motivate and enable them to extend their working lives. We use longitudinal data on 1,264 older Dutch workers collected by the Netherlands Working Conditions Cohort Study to analyse the characteristics of the work of lower-educated older workers and how these differ from those of higher-educated older workers. The aim is to determine whether work redesign initiatives directed to these characteristics might have the desired effect of enhancing work ability and/or work motivation. This study is unique in its focus on lower-educated older workers as a target group for active ageing policies at the EU, national and company HR levels, and also in its focus on work redesign rather than the training or improvement of the health of workers. Our findings suggest that redesigning social work characteristics can be a first step in developing sustainable jobs for lower-educated older workers. Moreover, a redesign of contextual work characteristics also seems promising." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    In-work poverty and labour market segmentation in the EU: key lessons. Synthesis report (2010)

    Frazer, Hugh; Marlier, Eric;

    Zitatform

    Frazer, Hugh & Eric Marlier (2010): In-work poverty and labour market segmentation in the EU. Key lessons. Synthesis report. Brüssel, 64 S.

    Abstract

    "Until now in-work poverty and labour market segmentation have not received sufficient attention in the EU's efforts to tackle poverty and social exclusion. However, given that the 17 million working poor in the EU represent about 15% of the new Europe 2020 social inclusion target, this is likely to become a more important issue in the future. The analysis of in-work poverty and labour market segmentation presented here is a first step to fill this gap and to suggest how progress can be made on this issue. It is also intended as a contribution to the monitoring of the EU 'Active Inclusion' process, which was launched at the end of 2008 and which is a crucial part of the EU's efforts to tackle poverty and social exclusion.
    The Network Core Team's Synthesis Report is based on individual country reports prepared by members of the EU Network of Independent Experts on Social Inclusion. The experts' reports cover three elements. First, they provide a general statistical overview of the situation in their country in a comparative perspective, presenting some of the agreed indicators used to monitor the Social Open Method of Coordination and European Employment Strategy objectives. This is complemented with any available national data. Secondly, they examine the main explanatory factors for inwork poverty and labour market segmentation by undertaking a critical review of national studies by Governments and researchers. They also highlight the political debate at national level on these issues. Thirdly, they present and analyse policies in Member States to address in-work poverty and labour market segmentation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-wage work in the wealthy world (2010)

    Gautie, Jerome; Berg, Peter ; Jaehrling, Karen; Appelbaum, Eileen; Batt, Rosemary; Westergaard-Nielsen, Niels; James, Susan; Mayhew, Ken; Weinkopf, Claudia; Bosch, Gerhard; Warhurst, Chris; Dresser, Laura; Wanner, Eric; Gautie, Jerome; Voss-Dahm, Dorothea; Mason, Geoff; Vanselow, Achim; Lloyd, Caroline ; van Klaveren, Maarten; Bernhardt, Annette; Van der Meer, Marc; Eskildsen, Jacob; Tilly, Chris ; Grundert, Klaus G.; Solow, Robert M.; Carré, Françoise; Salverda, Wiemer; Schmitt, John; Moss, Philip; Grimshaw, Damian ; Mehaut, Philippe;

    Zitatform

    Gautie, Jerome & John Schmitt (Hrsg.) (2010): Low-wage work in the wealthy world. (The Russell Sage Foundation case studies of job quality in advanced economies), New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 485 S.

    Abstract

    "The book builds on an earlier Russell Sage Foundation study (Low-Wage America) to compare the plight of low-wage workers in the United States to five European countries - Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom - where wage supports, worker protections, and social benefits have generally been stronger. By examining low-wage jobs in systematic case studies across five industries, this groundbreaking international study goes well beyond standard statistics to reveal national differences in the quality of low-wage work and the well being of low-wage workers. The United States has a high percentage of low-wage workers - nearly three times more than Denmark and twice more than France. Since the early 1990s, however, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Germany have all seen substantial increases in low-wage jobs. While these jobs often entail much the same drudgery in Europe and the United States, quality of life for low-wage workers varies substantially across countries. The authors focus their analysis on the 'inclusiveness' of each country's industrial relations system, including national collective bargaining agreements and minimum-wage laws, and the generosity of social benefits such as health insurance, pensions, family leave, and paid vacation time - which together sustain a significantly higher quality of life for low-wage workers in some countries. Investigating conditions in retail sales, hospitals, food processing, hotels, and call centers, the book's industry case studies shed new light on how national institutions influence the way employers organize work and shape the quality of low-wage jobs. A telling example: in the United States and several European nations, wages and working conditions of front-line workers in meat processing plants are deteriorating as large retailers put severe pressure on prices, and firms respond by employing low-wage immigrant labor. But in Denmark, where unions are strong, and, to a lesser extent, in France, where the statutory minimum wage is high, the low-wage path is blocked, and firms have opted instead to invest more heavily in automation to raise productivity, improve product quality, and sustain higher wages. However, as the book also shows, the European nations' higher level of inclusiveness is increasingly at risk. 'Exit options,' both formal and informal, have emerged to give employers ways around national wage supports and collectively bargained agreements. For some jobs, such as room cleaners in hotels, stronger labor relations systems in Europe have not had much impact on the quality of work. The booked offers an analysis of low-wage work in Europe and the United States based on concrete, detailed, and systematic contrasts. Its revealing case studies not only provide a human context but also vividly remind us that the quality and incidence of low-wage work is more a matter of national choice than economic necessity and that government policies and business practices have inevitable consequences for the quality of workers' lives." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low wages in the retail industry in the Netherlands: RSF project Future of work in Europe / Low-wage Employment: Opportunity in the Workplace in Europe and the USA (2010)

    Klaveren, Maarten van;

    Zitatform

    Klaveren, Maarten van (2010): Low wages in the retail industry in the Netherlands. RSF project Future of work in Europe / Low-wage Employment: Opportunity in the Workplace in Europe and the USA. (AIAS working paper 100), Amsterdam, 164 S.

    Abstract

    "The Working Paper shows the development of Dutch retailing as an industry in which in the 2000s nearly half of all workers earn less than the low-wage threshold, that is, less than two-thirds of the national median gross hourly wage. In the 1980s and early 1990s retailing already moved towards low pay in the Netherlands. From the mid-1990s on, major factors worked toward the persistence of low pay, in particular in the supermarkets, where three in five workers earned less than the threshold: the slowdown or even decline of disposable income growth and the low consumer-spending share; price wars and the spread of discounting; economies of scale and deregulation of zoning regulations and opening hours, and the development of supply-chain management systems. The longer opening hours allowed by the 1996 Opening Hours (Shops) Act initiated changes in the logistical chain. The food chains replaced adult shift workers with young shelf-stackers; the long 'tail' of low youth rates, also applied for prospective checkout operators, proved to constitute an exit option for employers maintaining a low-wage orientation. The supermarket price war of 2003-2006 strengthened employers' orientation on deploying youngsters, in particular secondary and tertiary education students, (initially, in 2003-04) at the expense of adult women and, structurally, at the expense of those youngsters who want to earn a living wage after leaving school. The official facility to combine work and study distorts parts of the youth retail labour market, effectively crowding out the latter category. In spite of the domination of 'low roads' in product market and human resources strategies of food chains, functional flexibility proved to be widespread at shop-floor level - almost inevitable as tight financial and personnel benchmarks do not allow idle hours." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010: unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise (2010)

    Schulten, Thorsten;

    Zitatform

    Schulten, Thorsten (2010): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010. Unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 63, H. 3, S. 152-160. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2010-3-152

    Abstract

    "Der WSI Mindestlohnbericht 2010 gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa und ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden aktuelle Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Es zeigt sich, dass unter den Bedingungen der Krise die einzelnen Staaten sehr unterschiedliche Strategien verfolgen. Während in vielen Ländern die Mindestlöhne eingefroren wurden, kam es in anderen Ländern zu kräftigen Mindestlohnzuwächsen. Als Instrument zur Bekämpfung der Krise können Mindestlöhne einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung der privaten Nachfrage und zur Vermeidung deflationärer Tendenzen leisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-wage employment and the role of education and on-the-job training (2009)

    Blázquez Cuesta, Maite; Salverda, Wiemer;

    Zitatform

    Blázquez Cuesta, Maite & Wiemer Salverda (2009): Low-wage employment and the role of education and on-the-job training. In: Labour, Jg. 23, H. s1 - special Issue, S. 5-35. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9914.2008.00431.x

    Abstract

    "General education and on-the-job training are major forces determining earnings. This contribution analyses the effects of general education and on-the-job training, relative to each other, on workers' relative earnings and on the probability of making an upwards transition in the earnings distribution. The analysis is done for Denmark, the Netherlands, Italy, and Spain, using the European Community Household Panel (1995-2001). Our results reveal that in all countries on-the-job training and high levels of general education reduce the risk of being in a low-pay situation, whereas they increase the probability of escaping from low-paid jobs to better-paid jobs. However, the relative contributions differ significantly, on-the-job training being relatively more important for upward mobility in Italy and Spain and tertiary education more important for reducing the risk of being in low pay in Denmark and the Netherlands" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-wage work in five European countries and the United States (2009)

    Bosch, Gerhard;

    Zitatform

    Bosch, Gerhard (2009): Low-wage work in five European countries and the United States. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 148, H. 4, S. 337-356.

    Abstract

    "Analysing research findings on Denmark, Germany, France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States, the author shows that the incidence and conditions of low-paid employment in each country are determined by a set of institutions, including minimum wage and active labour market policies, tax and social security systems, and collective bargaining. The widely assumed trade-off between employment and wages, he argues, is not inescapable: active labour market policies for individual empowerment and institutions imposing 'beneficial constraints' can prevent improved conditions at the bottom of the earnings distribution from translating into higher unemployment, while also helping to narrow inequalities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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