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Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt

Immer mehr Beschäftigte arbeiten in Deutschland zu Niedriglöhnen. Vor allem junge Menschen sind davon betroffen. Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Die IAB-Infoplattform erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-wage mobility in Central Europe (2023)

    Gerbery, Daniel ; Miklošovič, Tomáš;

    Zitatform

    Gerbery, Daniel & Tomáš Miklošovič (2023): Low-wage mobility in Central Europe. In: International Journal of Comparative Sociology, Jg. 64, H. 5, S. 509-527. DOI:10.1177/00207152231156436

    Abstract

    "The article provides analyses of the mobility and resilience to mobility among low-wage earners in four Central European (CE) countries. It examines transitions into higher-paid jobs, unemployment/inactivity, and the stability of low-wage status. In addition to standard transition matrices and summary mobility indices, it employs multinomial logit models with the aim of identifying individual determinants of low-wage earners’ prospects. The findings show that the CE countries do not represent a homogeneous group in terms of presence of low wages when the period of 2010–2016 is considered. In regard to future prospects, low-wage employees in the countries with higher incidence of low pay are more likely to reproduce their status, as compared with countries with lower incidence. Upward mobility is more likely among younger, high-educated employees and among those who work in “better” occupations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market (2022)

    Eaton, Jonathan; Kramarz, Francis; Kortum, Samuel S.;

    Zitatform

    Eaton, Jonathan, Samuel S. Kortum & Francis Kramarz (2022): Firm-to-Firm Trade: Imports, Exports, and the Labor Market. (NBER working paper 29685), Cambridge, Mass, 65 S. DOI:10.3386/w29685

    Abstract

    "Customs data reveal heterogeneity and granularity of relationships among buyers and sellers. A key insight is how more exports to a destination break down into more firms selling there and more buyers per exporter. We develop a quantitative general equilibrium model of firm-to-firm matching that builds on this insight to separate the roles of iceberg costs and matching frictions in gravity. In the cross section, we find matching frictions as important as iceberg costs in impeding trade, and more sensitive to distance. Because domestic and imported intermediates compete directly with labor in performing production tasks, our model also fits the heterogeneity of labor shares across French producers. Applying the framework to the 2004 expansion of the European Union, reduced iceberg costs and reduced matching frictions contributed equally to the increase in French exports to the new members. While workers benefitted overall, those competing most directly with imports gained less, even losing in some countries entering the EU." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Work must pay: Does it? Precarious employment and employment motivation for low-income households (2019)

    Trlifajová, Lucie ; Hurrle, Jakob;

    Zitatform

    Trlifajová, Lucie & Jakob Hurrle (2019): Work must pay: Does it? Precarious employment and employment motivation for low-income households. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 29, H. 3, S. 376-395. DOI:10.1177/0958928718805870

    Abstract

    "One of the core dilemmas of current welfare politics is the question of how to ensure social protection while providing incentives to seek employment at the same time. A way to address this dilemma is to base policies and policy models on the principle notion that 'work must pay'; in other words, income from employment should be higher than the social support of the unemployed. However, how accurately do these approaches and models represent the reality of benefit recipients, particularly in the context of increased employment precariousness? In this article, we use the cases of two disadvantaged regions in Czech Republic in order to contrast the presumptions of 'making work pay' policies with the everyday experience of welfare recipients. As we show, their situations are strongly shaped by current changes in the labour market, particularly the precarious character of accessible employment and high levels of indebtedness. The modelling of financial employment incentives and the public policies based on these calculations often do not correspond with the reality of welfare recipients that are often cycling in and out of precarious forms of employment. However, the authors' main claim is that the very idea of the 'work must pay' approach focuses on the wrong question. A truly functioning financial incentive would need to focus not solely on the difference in income between those who work and those who do not work, but rather should analyse what type of arrangements allow working households to rise permanently above the poverty line." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The 'Great Recession' and low pay in Europe (2018)

    Vacas-Soriano, Carlos;

    Zitatform

    Vacas-Soriano, Carlos (2018): The 'Great Recession' and low pay in Europe. In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 24, H. 3, S. 205-220. DOI:10.1177/0959680117715932

    Abstract

    "This article contributes to the literature on low-paid work by analysing the shares of low-paid employment in the period 2006 - 2014 and the underlying causes. I use an inflation-adjusted low-pay threshold anchored at 60 percent of median wages to assess the impact of the Great Recession, which increased the share of low-paid employees in two-thirds of European countries and in the EU as a whole. This was driven by a general decline in real wages, which was particularly intense in European periphery countries and at the bottom of the wage distribution as well as among employees with shorter tenure. However, compositional effects either prevented a larger expansion of low-pay shares by masking the real extent of the wage correction or were generally negligible in driving low-pay shares. Moreover, growing part-time employment emerges as a significant source of low-paid work from the onset of the crisis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Precarious work and care responsibilities in the economic crisis (2017)

    Hasková, Hana; Dudová, Radka ;

    Zitatform

    Hasková, Hana & Radka Dudová (2017): Precarious work and care responsibilities in the economic crisis. In: European journal of industrial relations, Jg. 23, H. 1, S. 47-63. DOI:10.1177/0959680116672279

    Abstract

    "Economic transformation after 1989 and the global economic recession that began in 2008 have caused an increase in precarious work in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. As a result of refamilialization, precarious work acquired a specific form for women. We use the Czech Republic as an example in analysing a trend that is obvious throughout the Visegrád countries and apply the capabilities approach to understand the dynamics of precarious work in the lives of women with care responsibilities. Neither the objective characteristics of work nor its subjective assessment alone makes it possible to understand precarious work. The explanation lies in the (temporal) dynamics of the interconnection between the two: insecure jobs accepted by women with care responsibilities as a temporary strategy may turn into a trap excluding them from a stable job." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The impact of in-work benefits on employment and poverty (2017)

    Vandelannoote, Dieter ; Verbist, Gerlinde;

    Zitatform

    Vandelannoote, Dieter & Gerlinde Verbist (2017): The impact of in-work benefits on employment and poverty. (EUROMOD working paper 2017,04), Colchester, 33 S.

    Abstract

    "This article studies the impact of design characteristics of in-work benefits on employment and poverty in an international comparative setting, taking account of both first and second order labour supply effects. We use the micro-simulation model EUROMOD, which has been enriched with a discrete labour supply model. The analysis is performed for four EU-member states: Belgium, Italy, Poland and Sweden. The results show that design characteristics matter substantially, though the specific effects differ in magnitude across countries, indicating there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Throughout the analysis, numerous trade-offs are uncovered: not only between employment and poverty goals, but also within employment incentives itself (extensive vs. intensive margin). Taking account of behavioural reactions attenuates the impact on poverty outcomes, signalling the importance of bringing these effects into the empirical analysis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Hanging in, but only just: part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis (2016)

    Horemans, Jeroen; Nolan, Brian ; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Horemans, Jeroen, Ive Marx & Brian Nolan (2016): Hanging in, but only just. Part-time employment and in-work poverty throughout the crisis. In: IZA journal of European Labor Studies, Jg. 5, S. 1-19. DOI:10.1186/s40174-016-0053-6

    Abstract

    "The crisis has deepened pre-existing concerns regarding low-wage and non-standard employment. Countries where unemployment increased most strongly during the crisis period also saw part-time employment increasing, particularly involuntary part-time work. With involuntary part-time workers, as a particular group of underemployed, facing especially high poverty rates, this was accompanied by an increase, on average, in the poverty risk associated with working part-time. However, this was not reflected in a marked increase in the overall in-work poverty rate because full-time work remains dominant and its poverty risk did not change markedly. The household context is of the essence when considering policy implications." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Social upgrading in globalized production: the case of the textile and clothing industry (2015)

    Gimet, Céline; Guilhon, Bernard; Roux, Nathalie;

    Zitatform

    Gimet, Céline, Bernard Guilhon & Nathalie Roux (2015): Social upgrading in globalized production. The case of the textile and clothing industry. In: International Labour Review, Jg. 154, H. 3, S. 303-327. DOI:10.1111/j.1564-913X.2015.00244.x

    Abstract

    "Vertical specialization generated by the international fragmentation of production within global networks is driven not only by comparative advantage, but also by the locational decisions of lead firms which determine the role and bargaining power of local producers in their value chain. This study examines the consequences of such specialization in textiles and clothing for 26 labour-abundant countries from 1990 to 2007. Fixed effects regressions based on panel data reveal that the industry does not always reap the benefits of the resulting international trade integration. Rather, the authors observe a negative relationship between vertical specialization and relative real wages in the textile and clothing industry." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    In-work poverty and labour market trajectories: poverty risks among the working population in 22 European countries (2015)

    Halleröd, Björn; Ekbrand, Hans; Bengtsson, Mattias;

    Zitatform

    Halleröd, Björn, Hans Ekbrand & Mattias Bengtsson (2015): In-work poverty and labour market trajectories. Poverty risks among the working population in 22 European countries. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 25, H. 5, S. 473-488. DOI:10.1177/0958928715608794

    Abstract

    "Is in-work poverty a low-wage or an unemployment problem, and is it the same problem all across Europe? Because of the definitional ambiguity, we really do not know. In this article, we use longitudinal European Union-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data from 22 countries and derive a set of distinct clusters of labour market trajectories (LMTs) from information about monthly labour market position from a 36-month observation window and estimate in-work poverty risk for each LMT. The results show that in-work poverty is a problem that affects the self-employed and people in a marginal labour market position, that is, those who for different reasons move in and out of employment. Hence, in-work poverty is mainly an unemployment problem, not a low-wage problem. Besides the fact that the size of LMTs varies between countries, we also expected to find systematic country differences in the effect of LMTs. The analysis did not support that assumption." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Patterns of integration: low educated people and their jobs in Norway, Italy and Hungary (2013)

    Köllö, János;

    Zitatform

    Köllö, János (2013): Patterns of integration. Low educated people and their jobs in Norway, Italy and Hungary. (IZA discussion paper 7632), Bonn, 32 S.

    Abstract

    "The paper looks at how the distribution of jobs by complexity and firms' willingness to hire low educated labor for jobs of different complexity contribute to unskilled employment in Norway, Italy and Hungary. In search of how unqualified workers can attend complex jobs, it compares their involvement in various forms of post-school skills formation. The countries are also compared by the weight of small firms, which are assumed to assist low skilled workers through interpersonal relationships. The data suggest that unskilled employment in Norway benefits from synergies between work in skill-intensive jobs, intense adult training, informal learning and involvement in civil activities. In Italy, workplaces requiring no literacy skills at all have the largest contribution but small businesses tend to employ low educated workers at a large scale even in highly complex jobs. In Hungary, insufficient skills (relative to Norway) and an undersized small-firm sector (relative to Italy) set limits to the inclusion of the low educated. An extreme degree of social isolation is likely to deteriorate their skills and jobs prospects further." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work: the perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project (2012)

    Hohnen, Pernille;

    Zitatform

    Hohnen, Pernille (2012): Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work. The perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project. Wien, 174 S.

    Abstract

    "The report discusses work and life quality in new and growing jobs from an individual perspective. The empirical data on which the analysis is based consists of 22 country reports investigating elderly care, cleaning, catering, waste collection and construction in 11 different countries (4-5 countries per sector, see the matrix table below). Each country report is based on 20-25 individual semi-structured interviews with employees working in the selected sector and business functions.
    The report consists of this introduction, five chapters, each focusing on one sector, and a conclusion. The chapters follow the same structure by starting with a brief introduction of the main characteristics of work in the sector. The remaining part of each chapter is organized into four sections. The first concentrates on workers' perceptions of the main quality of work and life issues. Then follows a section on agency, career trajectories and career options. The next section examines vulnerability in work and processes of vulnerabilization in the sector. Finally, the last section discusses workers' aspirations and capacities to aspire, followed by a summary and conclusion. The last concluding chapter discusses cross-sector findings in terms of the impact of new and growing jobs on individual lives, and highlights some trends in the present labour market and their possible implications for vulnerability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Hard work: Job quality and organisation in European low-wage sectors: synthesis report on company case studies for work package 6 of the walqing project (2012)

    Holtgrewe, Ursula; Sardadvar, Karin;

    Zitatform

    Holtgrewe, Ursula & Karin Sardadvar (2012): Hard work: Job quality and organisation in European low-wage sectors. Synthesis report on company case studies for work package 6 of the walqing project. Wien, 196 S.

    Abstract

    "This report presents the findings of the company case studies conducted in Work Package 6 of the walqing project by all twelve partners in the eleven countries participating in walqing. Company case studies were used to investigate how companies are located and position themselves in the sectors and in their respective markets, how they compete and find their niches in changing environments, and how they enhance productivity by restructuring, changing work and creating new jobs. In line with the research focus, the key question the company case studies were supposed to provide an answer for was how these organisational characteristics impact the quality of work for employees. The assumption was that neither markets nor just the institutional environments and industrial relations in diverse employment regimes shape the quality of work, but that the quality of employees' work and life centrally results from managerial strategies and decision-making in the company's respective environment. We aimed to look for examples of both negative and positive configurations of work and life quality in new and expanding jobs, and for the conditions of such configurations through first describing and analysing individual cases and then comparing the findings. Indeed, comparative case study research allows for an exploration of complex causal relationships and histories of such configurations." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective (2011)

    Gesthuizen, Maurice; Solga, Heike ; Künster, Ralf;

    Zitatform

    Gesthuizen, Maurice, Heike Solga & Ralf Künster (2011): Context matters: economic marginalization of low-educated workers in cross-national perspective. In: European Sociological Review, Jg. 27, H. 2, S. 264-280. DOI:10.1093/esr/jcq006

    Abstract

    "This article explains the different extent of economic marginalization of low-educated persons in different countries. Research on economic marginalization mainly studies the so-called displacement mechanism: the higher the high-skill supply is in relation to the high-skill demand, the higher is the risk of being unemployed for low-educated workers. In this article, we examine their economic marginalization in terms of status position. This research expands the explanation of economic marginalization of low-educated workers by scrutinizing additional causes, such as negative social selection, negative cognitive competence selection, and the increasing negative signal of being low educated (discredit). The results of the country comparison, using multilevel estimation techniques with inclusion of cross-level interactions, depict that, indeed, educational differences in socio-economic status attainment are larger in countries where the average competence of the group is low, the social composition is unfavourable, and the size of the low-educated group is relatively small. By considering these additional explanations, we are now better able to understand the economic vulnerability of low-educated people in educationally expanded countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries (2011)

    Larsen, Christian Albrekt; Vesan, Patrik ;

    Zitatform

    Larsen, Christian Albrekt & Patrik Vesan (2011): Public employment services, employers and the failure of placement of low-skill workers in six European countries. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 02/2011), Edinburgh, 29 S.

    Abstract

    "The paper explains why across Europe very few job matches are facilitated by public employment services (PES), looking at the existence of a double-sided asymmetric information problem on the labour market. It is argued that although a PES potentially reduces search costs, both employers and employees have strong incentives not to use the PES. The reason is that employers try to avoid the 'worst' employees, and employees try to avoid the 'worst' employers. Therefore PES get caught in a low-end equilibrium that is almost impossible to escape. The mechanisms leading to this low-end equilibrium are illustrated by means of qualitative interviews with 40 private employers in six European countries." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Offshoring and outsourcing business services to Central and Eastern Europe: some empirical and conceptual considerations (2011)

    Sass, Magdolna; Fifekova, Martina;

    Zitatform

    Sass, Magdolna & Martina Fifekova (2011): Offshoring and outsourcing business services to Central and Eastern Europe. Some empirical and conceptual considerations. In: European Planning Studies, Jg. 19, H. 9, S. 1593-1609. DOI:10.1080/09654313.2011.586196

    Abstract

    "The global structural shift towards service-based foreign direct investment (FDI) across the world is a relatively recent phenomenon resulting from the increased tradability of services. Although India and Ireland have traditionally been viewed as the main receiver countries, the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region is becoming an increasingly popular destination for business service offshoring and outsourcing. The article focuses first on the empirical and conceptual challenges to understanding the offshoring and outsourcing of business services in the context of significant difficulties with their definition, categorization and classification. It discusses the shortcomings of quantitative data and provides a theoretical framework needed to understand the specific patterns of service sector FDI in the context of CEE. Second, the article outlines the current position of CEE countries as destinations for service sector FDI: it analyses the patterns of service sector investment and discusses the reasons for its emergence as a receiver region. The empirical material is drawn from 30 interviews conducted with senior managers in business service foreign investment in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The article concludes that the composition of services FDI flows is changing, reflecting the growth of resource seeking vertical investment in the region. The share of CEE countries in the global flows of this type of investments is still low, but the region shows a growing potential. Its attractiveness is based on a number of factors, like availability of skilled labour with strong language skills, low costs, favourable business and stable political environment, well-developed infrastructure and geographical and cultural proximity to Western Europe." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Statistical discrimination and employers' recruitment practices for low-skilled workers (2010)

    Bonoli, Giuliano ; Hinrichs, Karl ;

    Zitatform

    Bonoli, Giuliano & Karl Hinrichs (2010): Statistical discrimination and employers' recruitment practices for low-skilled workers. (Working Papers on the Reconciliation of Work and Welfare in Europe. REC-WP 10/2010), Edinburgh, 26 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper deals with the recruitment strategies of employers in the low-skilled segment of the labour market. We focus on low-skilled workers because they are overrepresented among jobless people and constitute the bulk of the clientele included in various activation and labour market programmes. A better understanding of the constraints and opportunities of interventions in this labour market segment may help improve their quality and effectiveness. On the basis of qualitative interviews with 41 employers in six European countries, we find that the traditional signals known to be used as statistical discrimination devices (old age, immigrant status and unemployment) play a somewhat reduced role, since these profiles are overrepresented among applicants for low skill positions. On the other hand, we find that other signals, mostly considered to be indicators of motivation, have a bigger impact in the selection process. These tend to concern the channel through which the contact with a prospective candidate is made. Unsolicited applications and recommendations from already employed workers emit a positive signal, whereas the fact of being referred by the public employment office is associated with the likelihood of lower motivation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010: unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise (2010)

    Schulten, Thorsten;

    Zitatform

    Schulten, Thorsten (2010): WSI-Mindestlohnbericht 2010. Unterschiedliche Strategien in der Krise. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 63, H. 3, S. 152-160. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2010-3-152

    Abstract

    "Der WSI Mindestlohnbericht 2010 gibt einen Überblick über die aktuelle Mindestlohnpolitik in Europa und ausgewählten außereuropäischen Staaten. Unter Auswertung der WSI-Mindestlohndatenbank werden aktuelle Daten zur Höhe und Entwicklung gesetzlicher Mindestlöhne präsentiert. Es zeigt sich, dass unter den Bedingungen der Krise die einzelnen Staaten sehr unterschiedliche Strategien verfolgen. Während in vielen Ländern die Mindestlöhne eingefroren wurden, kam es in anderen Ländern zu kräftigen Mindestlohnzuwächsen. Als Instrument zur Bekämpfung der Krise können Mindestlöhne einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Stabilisierung der privaten Nachfrage und zur Vermeidung deflationärer Tendenzen leisten." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The minimum wage revisited in the enlarged EU (2010)

    Vaughan-Whitehead, Daniel; Masso, Jaan; Moutos, Thomas; Bosch, Gerhard; Nestic, Danijel; Fotoniata, Eugenia; Nolan, Brian ; Grimshaw, Damian ; Salverda, Wiemer; Köllö, János; Skedinger, Per ; Kalina, Thomas; Krillo, Kerly; Gautie, Jerome; Erdogdu, Seyhan; Wallusch, Jacek; Tzanov, Vassil;

    Zitatform

    Masso, Jaan, Thomas Moutos, Gerhard Bosch, Danijel Nestic, Eugenia Fotoniata, Brian Nolan, Damian Grimshaw, Wiemer Salverda, János Köllö, Per Skedinger, Thomas Kalina, Kerly Krillo, Jerome Gautie, Seyhan Erdogdu, Jacek Wallusch & Vassil Tzanov (2010): The minimum wage revisited in the enlarged EU. Genf: International Labour Office, 544 S. DOI:10.4337/9781781000571

    Abstract

    "This book provides in-depth and innovative analysis of the minimum wage in Europe, looking at its scope within the enlarged EU and posing the question of harmonization between the minimum wages of the individual Member States - or even a common EU minimum wage. It also explores the role of the minimum wage at the national level, looking at trends and effects, with case studies on specific national policy issues or industrial sectors. Minimum wage fixing has returned quite prominently to the core of policy debates, as illustrated by the adoption of a statutory minimum wage by Austria, Ireland and the United Kingdom, and the ongoing discussions in Germany and Sweden. Proposals to have common rules at EU level have also multiplied since EU enlargement, in particular to minimize 'social dumping'. Bringing together 15 national studies from noted European specialists in the field, this timely collection aims to stimulate the current debate." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Minimum wages in January 2009 (2009)

    Czech, Beate;

    Zitatform

    Czech, Beate (2009): Minimum wages in January 2009. (Statistics in focus 2009/29), Luxemburg, 8 S.

    Abstract

    "In 20 (Belgien, Bulgarien, Spanien, Estland, Griechenland, Frankreich, Ungarn, Irland, Lettland, Litauen, Luxemburg, Malta, den Niederlanden, Polen, Portugal, Rumänien, der Slowakei, Slowenien, der Tschechischen Republik und dem Vereinigten Königreich) der 27 EU-Mitgliedsstaaten, sowie im Kandidatenland Türkei und in den Vereinigten Staaten existieren gesetzliche Mindestlöhne. Bezogen auf die absolute Höhe des nationalen Mindestlohns verzeichnete man beträchtliche Unterschiede zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten: Die Spanne reicht von monatlich 123 Euro in Bulgarien bis hin zu monatlich 1 642 Euro in Luxemburg, was einem Verhältnis (in Euro) von eins zu dreizehn entspricht. Nachdem die Auswirkungen von Preisniveauunterschieden durch die Anwendung von Kaufkraftparitäten (KKP) für die Konsumausgaben der privaten Haushalte herausgerechnet wurden, verringern sich die Unterschiede deutlich auf ein Verhältnis von eins zu sechs (in KKP) mit Werten von 240 für Bulgarien und 1 413 für Luxemburg." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion: The unemployed and the working poor (2009)

    Sirovátka, Tomáš ; Mares, Petr;

    Zitatform

    Sirovátka, Tomáš & Petr Mares (2009): Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion: The unemployed and the working poor. In: M. C. Fournier & C. S. Mercier (Hrsg.) (2009): Economics of employment and unemployment, S. 1-32.

    Abstract

    "The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between the forms of labour market marginalization - understood here in terms of labour market status and job quality - on the one hand, and income disadvantage, material deprivation and social exclusion on the other. Public policies that aim to improve the labour market status and levels of income of those disadvantaged on the labour market are also discussed. We use data gathered in a survey on social exclusion in which 2,500 respondents were interviewed, they were either welfare benefit recipients or considered their situation similar to their. We demonstrate that marginalization on the labour market is evident not only in relation to unemployment (often repeated and long-term) but at the same time in temporary, low paid and poor quality jobs. The incomes of those employed in the lowest segment of the labour market and of the unemployed are very similar while deprivation of the unemployed is greater in many respects, e.g. in opportunities to influence the course of their lives and the life opportunities of their own as well as of their families in particular. We identify under-use of welfare benefits and measures that might improve the standard of living and human capital of those who are disadvantaged. A portion of the disadvantaged remain active on the labour market and identify employment incentives, yet we also identify poverty traps which emerge in the case of those who become discouraged and welfare dependent." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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