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Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt

Immer mehr Beschäftigte arbeiten in Deutschland zu Niedriglöhnen. Vor allem junge Menschen sind davon betroffen. Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Die IAB-Infoplattform erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Unjust income inequality prevails across 29 countries (2023)

    Moya, Cristóbal ; Sauer, Carsten ; Adriaans, Jule ;

    Zitatform

    Moya, Cristóbal, Jule Adriaans & Carsten Sauer (2023): Unjust income inequality prevails across 29 countries. (SocArXiv papers), [Charlottesville, VA], 9 S. DOI:10.31235/osf.io/8e4q3

    Abstract

    "This visualization aims to describe justice evaluations of income inequality from a cross-country perspective for more than 72,000 respondents in 29 countries. The analyses were based on data from two large, cross-country survey programs. The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) asked for an evaluation of the overall income distribution, and the European Social Survey (ESS) asked for justice evaluations of both bottom and top incomes. We find that injustice of the income distribution prevails in all studied countries except Denmark, and that injustice of bottom incomes prevails in all countries. Moreover, in the countries included in both ISSP and ESS, the share of respondents evaluating the overall income distribution as just always falls between the share evaluating bottom and top incomes as just. Our results suggest that, depending on the country context, different parts of the distribution (top and bottom incomes) influence its overall evaluation." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Regulating low wages: cross-national policy variation and outcomes (2023)

    Pedersen, Siri Hansen; Picot, Georg ;

    Zitatform

    Pedersen, Siri Hansen & Georg Picot (2023): Regulating low wages: cross-national policy variation and outcomes. In: Socio-economic review, Jg. 21, H. 4, S. 2093-2116. DOI:10.1093/ser/mwad019

    Abstract

    "This article provides a comparative analysis of three central policies to regulate low wages: statutory minimum wages, state support for collective bargaining and topping up low wages with public transfers (in-work benefits). We map the variation of these policies across 33 OECD countries and analyze the incidence of low-wage employment they are associated with. We find three approaches to regulating low wages. In the first, 'wage scale protection', states put most emphasis on supporting collective bargaining. In the second, 'bare minimum', there is not much else than the statutory minimum wage. In the third, 'state pay', the statutory minimum wage is supplemented by sizeable public financial support for low earners. When analyzing policy outcomes, 'wage scale protection' is associated with least low-wage employment. For 'bare minimum', much depends on the level of the statutory minimum wage. Although 'state pay' props up workers' disposable income, many workers receive low gross pay." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Redistribution across Europe: How much and to whom? (2021)

    Hammer, Bernhard; Poli, Silvia De; Christl, Michael ;

    Zitatform

    Hammer, Bernhard, Michael Christl & Silvia De Poli (2021): Redistribution across Europe: How much and to whom? (JRC working papers on taxation and structural reforms 2021-14), Seville, 28 S.

    Abstract

    "Governments face a potential trade-off between provision for the growing population in retirement and the support of working-age households with low income. Using EUROMOD-based microdata from 28 countries, we (a) quantify the redistribution to the pensioner and non-pensioner populations, (b) study the position of net beneficiaries in the overall income distribution and (c) analyse how taxes and benefits affect the working-age population with low income. Our results provide novel insights into the distributive role of tax-benefit systems across Europe. Interestingly, a strong overall redistribution between households is associated with generous pensions for a portion of the retirees but negatively related to support for low-income households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Minimum Income Standard and equivalisation: reassessing relative costs of singles and couples and of adults and children (2021)

    Hirsch, Donald ; Math, Antoine; Padley, Matt; Pereirinha, José; Pereira, Elvira ; Thornton, Robert; Concialdi, Pierre;

    Zitatform

    Hirsch, Donald, Pierre Concialdi, Antoine Math, Matt Padley, Elvira Pereira, José Pereirinha & Robert Thornton (2021): The Minimum Income Standard and equivalisation. Reassessing relative costs of singles and couples and of adults and children. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 148-167. DOI:10.1017/S0047279419001004

    Abstract

    "Equivalence scales, used to compare incomes across household types, strongly influence which households have low reported income, affecting public policy priorities. Yet they draw on abstract, often dated evidence and arbitrary judgements, and on comparisons across the income distribution rather than focusing on minimum requirements. Budget standards provide more tangible comparisons of the minimum required by different household types. The Minimum Income Standard (MIS) method, now established in several countries, applies a common methodological framework for compiling budgets, based on public deliberations. This article draws for the first time on results across countries. In all of the four countries examined, it identifies an under-estimation by the OECD scale of the relative cost of children compared to adults, and, in three of the four, an under-estimation of the cost of singles compared to couples. This more systematically corroborates previous, dispersed evidence, and helps explain which specific expenditure categories influence these results. These results have high policy relevance, showing greater proportions of low income households to contain children than standard income distribution data. While no single equivalence scale can be universally accurate, making use of evidence based directly on benchmarks such as MIS can help inform public priorities in tackling low income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-wage employment: Are low-paid jobs stepping stones to higher-paid jobs, do they become persistent, or do they lead to recurring unemployment? (2021)

    Schnabel, Claus ;

    Zitatform

    Schnabel, Claus (2021): Low-wage employment. Are low-paid jobs stepping stones to higher-paid jobs, do they become persistent, or do they lead to recurring unemployment? (IZA world of labor 276), Bonn, 10 S. DOI:10.15185/izawol.276.v2

    Abstract

    "Ungeachtet geringer Aufwärtsmobilität können Niedriglohnjobs für manche Arbeitnehmergruppen ein Sprungbrett zu besser bezahlten Arbeitsplätzen bilden. Dieser Befund kann „Work first“-Strategien wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Reformen unterstützen. Allerdings ist Niedriglohnbeschäftigung kein selbstkorrigierendes System, sondern kann Narben hinterlassen. Um Aufstiegschancen zu vergrößern, ist ein ganzheitlicher Politikansatz notwendig: er sollte Strategien der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik ebenso umfassen wie eine Philosophie des lebenslangen Lernens und die Unterstützung von Unternehmen, die stärker in die Qualifizierung ihrer Beschäftigten investieren und ihnen bessere Perspektiven außerhalb des Niedriglohnsegments verschaffen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Armut und Medianentgelte - Implikationen aus dem 6. Armuts- und Reichtumsbericht der Bundesregierung: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/153 ) (2021)

    Zitatform

    Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (2021): Armut und Medianentgelte - Implikationen aus dem 6. Armuts- und Reichtumsbericht der Bundesregierung. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/153 ). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 20/276 (15.12.2021)), 16 S.

    Abstract

    Die ersten sechs Fragen/Antworten betreffen die Entwicklung der Armutsrisikoquote im Zeitverlauf in Deutschland (2000-2020) und im europäischen Vergleich für das Jahr 2020, die Aufwendungen für Sozialleistungen 2000-2019, sowie die Anzahl und den Anteil der Beschäftigten im unteren Entgeltbereich in den Jahren 2000 bis 2020. Als Grundlage für die Beantwortung der Fragen 7 bis 29 wurde das Merkmal 'Entgelt' aus der Beschäftigungsstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit herangezogen. Dabei geht es im Einzelnen um die Anzahl und den Anteil der sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschäftigten der Kerngruppe im Anforderungsniveau 'Helfer', 'Fachkraft', 'Spezialist', der Kerngruppe in den Wirtschaftsabschnitten Gastgewerbe, Handel, Verkehr und Lagerei, Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen, Verarbeitendes Gewerbe, Erbringung von sonstigen wirtschaftlichen Dienstleistungen, in der Berufsgruppe 513, Lagerwirtschaft, Post und Zustellung, Güterumschlag, Fahrzeugführung im Straßenverkehr, Fahrzeugführung im Eisenbahnverkehr, Gewerbe- und Gesundheitsaufsicht, Desinfektion, Reinigung, Verkauf von Lebensmitteln, Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege, Altenpflege. Die weiteren Fragen betreffen die Anteile deutscher und ausländischer Staatsangehörigkeit, Asylherkunftsländer und die Ursachen für die zunehmende 'Erosion' der sozialen Lage der gesellschaftlichen Mitte. (IAB)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    She works hard for the money: tackling low pay in sectors dominated by women – evidence from health and social care (2019)

    Müller, Torsten;

    Zitatform

    Müller, Torsten (2019): She works hard for the money: tackling low pay in sectors dominated by women – evidence from health and social care. (European Trade Union Institute. Working paper 2019,11), Brüssel, 27 S.

    Abstract

    "The author is very grateful to Lena Hipp from the Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) for her contributions to this report; beyond compiling, processing and analysing the statistical data in chapter two, her expertise and insight into the subject were invaluable. This report benefits greatly from the input from trade union experts; the author thanks the trade union representatives from across Europe who replied to the questionnaire. A special thank you goes to Maria Hansson from Kommunal in Sweden, Kim Øst-Jacobsen from FOA in Denmark, Jorma Peussa from JHL in Finland and to Alexa Wolfstädter from Ver.di in Germany for the time they took for more in-depth interviews. Finally, this report would not have been possible without the unwavering support of Richard Pond from EPSU throughout the process of researching and writing this report." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Stemming the tide: What have European Union countries done to support low-wage workers in an era of downward wage pressures? (2018)

    Marchal, Sarah ; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Marchal, Sarah & Ive Marx (2018): Stemming the tide. What have European Union countries done to support low-wage workers in an era of downward wage pressures? In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 28, H. 1, S. 18-33. DOI:10.1177/0958928717704747

    Abstract

    "Governments across the European Union (EU) have been striving to get more people into work while at the same time acknowledging that more needs to be done to 'make work pay'. Yet this drive comes at a time when structural economic shifts are putting pressure on wages, especially of less skilled workers. This article focuses on trends in minimum wages, income taxes and work-related benefits within a selection of 15 EU countries, for the period 2001 - 2012, with three US states included as reference cases. We find evidence for eroding relative minimum wages in various EU countries, yet combined with catch-up growth in the new member states. We also find that governments counteracted eroding minimum wages through direct income support measures, especially for lone parents. Most prevalent among these were substantial declines in income tax liabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Income support policies for the working poor (2017)

    Marchal, Sarah ; Verbist, Gerlinde; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Marchal, Sarah, Ive Marx & Gerlinde Verbist (2017): Income support policies for the working poor. (IZA discussion paper 10665), Bonn, 16 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper asks what governments in the EU Member States and some US states are doing to support workers on low wages. Using model family simulations, we assess the policy measures currently in place to guarantee an adequate disposable income to working families, taking into account minimum wages, social security contributions, taxes and cash benefits. We show that despite increased efforts over the past decade, disposable incomes of certain types of minimum wage workers still fall well below the EU at-risk-of-poverty thresholds in many countries. Single earners with dependent children are especially at risk of poverty. We discuss the options for making progress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low pay and in-work poverty: preventative measures and preventative approaches. Evidence review (2016)

    McKnight, Abigail; Stewart, Kitty; Himmelweit, Sam Mohun; Palillo, Marco;

    Zitatform

    McKnight, Abigail, Kitty Stewart, Sam Mohun Himmelweit & Marco Palillo (2016): Low pay and in-work poverty. Preventative measures and preventative approaches. Evidence review. Brüssel, 136 S. DOI:10.2767/43829

    Abstract

    "This review pulls together the existing evidence from across the European Union on the effectiveness of different policy interventions aimed at reducing low pay and in-work poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low-skill jobs or jobs for low-skilled workers?: An analysis of the institutional determinants of the employment rates of low-educated workers in 19 OECD countries, 1997 - 2010 (2015)

    Abrassart, Aurélien;

    Zitatform

    Abrassart, Aurélien (2015): Low-skill jobs or jobs for low-skilled workers? An analysis of the institutional determinants of the employment rates of low-educated workers in 19 OECD countries, 1997 - 2010. In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 25, H. 2, S. 225-241. DOI:10.1177/0958928715573485

    Abstract

    "We often hear that the high unemployment rates of low-educated workers in Europe are due to the rigidities of the institutions increasing the labour costs that burden employers. In this article, we challenge this traditional view and offer alternative explanations to the cross-national variation in the employment rate of low-educated workers. Using macro-data and an error correction model, we analyse the determinants of the creation of jobs for low-educated workers in 19 countries between 1997 and 2010. Our findings tend to invalidate the neoliberal view, while also pointing to the positive impact of investing in public employment services and the predominant role of economic growth, which can be weakened by union density and employment protection in the case of male workers. Last but not least, creating low skill jobs has no or little impact on the employment outcomes of low-educated workers, thus indicating job displacement issues." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Are active labour market policies effective in activating and integrating low-skilled individuals?: an international comparison (2015)

    Escudero, Verónica ;

    Zitatform

    Escudero, Verónica (2015): Are active labour market policies effective in activating and integrating low-skilled individuals? An international comparison. (PSE working paper / Paris School of Economics 2015-01), Paris, 45 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper examines the effectiveness of active labour market policies (ALMPs) in improving labour market outcomes, especially of low-skilled individuals. The empirical analysis consists of an aggregate impact approach based on a pooled cross country and time series database for 31 advanced countries during the period 1985 - 2010. A novelty of the paper is that it includes aspects of the delivery system to see how the performance of ALMPs is affected by different implementation characteristics. Among the notable results, the paper finds that ALMPs matter at the aggregate level, both, in terms of reducing unemployment, but also in terms of increasing employment and participation. Interestingly, start-up incentives are more effective in reducing unemployment than other ALMPs. The positive effects seem to be particularly beneficial for the low-skilled. In terms of implementation, the paper finds that the most favourable aspect is the allocation of resources to programme administration. Finally, a disruption of policy continuity is associated with negative effects for all labour market variables analysed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Adults with low literacy and numeracy skills: a literature review on policy intervention (2015)

    Windisch, Hendrickje Catriona;

    Zitatform

    Windisch, Hendrickje Catriona (2015): Adults with low literacy and numeracy skills. A literature review on policy intervention. (OECD education working papers 123), Paris, 125 S. DOI:10.1787/5jrxnjdd3r5k-en

    Abstract

    "Identifying effective policy interventions for adults with low literacy and numeracy skills has become increasingly important. The PIAAC Survey of Adult Skills has revealed that a considerable number of adults in OECD countries possess only limited literacy and numeracy skills, and governments now recognise the need to up-skill low-skilled adults in order to maintain national prosperity, especially in the context of structural changes and projected population ageing. Against this background, this literature review examines the current evidence on policy interventions for adults with low literacy and numeracy skills to clarify which targeted policy levers could best enhance socio-economic returns. Despite progress in measuring adult skills and extensive literature describing practices used in adult literacy and numeracy programmes, there is little analysis of the effects of different interventions on learners. This literature review therefore attempts to bring together the analytical insights from research and practice to provide a broad picture of what has so far proven to motivate low-skilled adults to join and persist in literacy and numeracy learning. The paper shows that low basic skills levels of adults are a complex policy problem that has neither straightforward causes nor straightforward solutions and successful interventions are relatively uncommon. Tackling serious literacy and numeracy weaknesses is challenging because the group of low-skilled adults is diverse and requires different, well-targeted interventions. But there is now an emerging body of evidence on the approaches to teaching and learning that can make life-changing differences to adults in need. The paper identifies formative assessment, e-learning, and contextualisation and embedding (especially in the workplace and family context) as effective approaches to basic skills teaching. The central challenge is to put the evidence to work." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    OECD employment outlook 2014 (2014)

    Saint-Martin, Anne; Keese, Mark; Hijzen, Alexander; Inanc, Hande ; Cazes, Sandrine; Broecke, Stijn; Quintini, Glenda; Falco, Paolo; Bassanini, Andrea; Menyhert, Balint;

    Zitatform

    Saint-Martin, Anne, Mark Keese, Alexander Hijzen, Hande Inanc, Sandrine Cazes, Stijn Broecke, Glenda Quintini, Paolo Falco, Andrea Bassanini & Balint Menyhert Saint-Martin, Anne, Mark Keese, Alexander Hijzen, Hande Inanc, Sandrine Cazes, Stijn Broecke, Glenda Quintini, Paolo Falco, Andrea Bassanini & Balint Menyhert (sonst. bet. Pers.) (2014): OECD employment outlook 2014. (OECD employment outlook), Paris, 289 S. DOI:10.1787/empl_outlook-2014-en

    Abstract

    "The 2014 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook provides an in-depth review of recent labour market trends and short-term prospects in OECD countries. It zooms in on how the crisis has affected earnings, showing that the low paid have not been spared from a substantial slowdown in real wage growth. While more subdued earnings growth can help to restore competitiveness and employment growth, which is essential to drive down unemployment, the quality of the jobs being created also matters. The complexity of job quality can be captured through three dimensions: earnings; labour market security; and quality of the work environment. There are large differences across countries in each of these dimensions, but there is no need to trade off job quality for quantity: some countries manage to do well on both counts. Non-regular employment can have an adverse impact on job quality, especially in terms of employment security and the difficulties of moving to a job with a permanent contract. Reform to employment protection legislation is necessary in some countries to reduce high levels of non-regular jobs. Skills are a key determinant of a person's chances of working in a highquality job, as new results from the OECD's international Survey of Adult Skills show. This depends not just on the skills workers already have, but also on how these skills are used in the workplace, which in turn reflects countries' labour market institutions and policies.

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The politics of the new welfare state (2013)

    Bonoli, Giuliano ; Natali, David; Häusermann, Silja; Hemerijck, Anton; Clegg, Daniel; Jenson, Jane; Davidsson, Johan B.; Keune, Maarten; Emmenegger, Patrick ; Naumann, Ingela; Clasen, Jochen ; Palier, Bruno; Ebbinghaus, Bernhard ; Crouch, Colin; Ferrera, Maurizio;

    Zitatform

    Häusermann, Silja, Anton Hemerijck, Daniel Clegg, Jane Jenson, Johan B. Davidsson, Maarten Keune, Patrick Emmenegger, Ingela Naumann, Jochen Clasen, Bruno Palier, Bernhard Ebbinghaus, Colin Crouch & Maurizio Ferrera (2013): The politics of the new welfare state. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 316 S.

    Abstract

    "Since the early 1990s, European welfare states have undergone substantial changes, in terms of objectives, areas of intervention, and instruments. Traditional programmes, such as old age pensions have been curtailed throughout the continent, while new functions have been taken up. At present, welfare states are expected to help non-working people back into employment, to complement work income for the working poor, to reconcile work and family life, to promote gender equality, to support child development, and to provide social services for an ageing society. The welfare settlement that is emerging at the beginning of the 21st century is nonetheless very different in terms of functions and instruments from the one inherited from the last century. This book seeks to offer a better understanding of the new welfare settlement, and to analyze the factors that have shaped the recent transformation." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
    Inhaltsverzeichnis:
    Giuliano Bonoli, David Natali: The Politics of the 'New' Welfare States: Analysing Reforms in Western Europe (3-17);
    Jane Jenson: A New Politics for the Social Investment Perspective: Objectives, Instruments, and Areas of Intervention in Welfare Regimes (21-44);
    Colin Crouch, Maarten Keune: The Governance of Economic Uncertainty: Beyond the 'New Social Risks' Analysis (45-67);
    Anton Hemerijck: Stress-testing the New Welfare State (68-90);
    Giuliano Bonoll: Blame Avoidance and Credit Claiming Revisited (93-110);
    Silja Häusermann: The Politics of Old and New Social Policies (111-132);
    Jochen Clasen, Daniel Clegg: Adapting Labour Market Policy to a Transformed Employment Structure: The Politics of 'Triple Integration' (135-157);
    Ingela Naumann: Childcare Politics in the 'New' Welfare State: Class, Religion, and Gender in the Shaping of Political Agendas (158-181);
    Bernhard Ebbinghaus: Europe's Transformations Towards a Renewed Pension System (182-205);
    Johan B. Davidsson, Patrick Emmenegger: Insider-Outsider Dynamics and the Reform of Job Security Legislation (206-229);
    Bruno Palier: Tuming Vice into Vice: How Bismarckian Welfare States have Gone from Unsustainability to Dualization (233-255);
    Maurizio Ferrera: The New Spatial Politics of Welfare in the EU (256-283);
    Giuliano Bonoli, David Natali: Multidimensional Transformations in the Early 21st Century Welfare States (287-306).

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Is the likelihood of poverty inherited? (2013)

    Grundiza, Sigita; Lopez Vilaplana, Cristina;

    Zitatform

    Grundiza, Sigita & Cristina Lopez Vilaplana (2013): Is the likelihood of poverty inherited? (Statistics in focus 2013/27), Luxemburg, 14 S.

    Abstract

    "One of the headline targets of the Europe 2020 strategy for jobs and smart, sustainable and inclusive growth is the reduction of poverty by lifting at least 20 million people out of the risk of poverty or social exclusion by 2020. Poverty is a multidimensional socioeconomic phenomenon caused both by aggregated factors such as macroeconomic, social and labour policies and by individual factors like level of education, health or social interaction in society. The analysis of intergenerational disadvantages is aimed at measuring the extent of transmission or persistence of individual factors through generations. The European Union statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) 2011 data are used for the purpose of the analysis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union (2013)

    Laporšek, Suzana;

    Zitatform

    Laporšek, Suzana (2013): Minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 20, H. 14, S. 1288-1292. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2013.799752

    Abstract

    "The purpose of this article is to estimate minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union (EU). The analysis employs a panel regression method with fixed effects and uses data for 18 EU member states with statutory minimum wage over the period 1996 to 2011. The analysis is restricted to teenage workers between 15 and 19 years of age and young workers between 20 and 24 years of age. The study finds a negative, statistically significant impact of minimum wage on youth employment, by which the disemployment effect appears to be stronger for teenage workers. The effect remains negative and statistically significant also when controlled for other labour market institutions. Taking into account empirical results, we can conclude that EU countries should be more cautious when setting up minimum wages for young workers, as disemployment effects may have been downplayed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Erwerbseinkommen: Deutsche Geringverdiener im europäischen Vergleich (2013)

    Rhein, Thomas;

    Zitatform

    Rhein, Thomas (2013): Erwerbseinkommen: Deutsche Geringverdiener im europäischen Vergleich. (IAB-Kurzbericht 15/2013), Nürnberg, 10 S.

    Abstract

    "Seit den 1990er Jahren ist die Lohnungleichheit in Deutschland deutlich gewachsen. Diese Entwicklung wird kontrovers wahrgenommen: Einerseits könnte die zunehmende Verbreitung von Niedriglöhnen die Chancen für Erwerbslose vergrößern, wieder in Arbeit zu kommen. Andererseits wird sie als Teil eines breiteren gesellschaftlichen - und sozialpolitisch problematischen - Trends zur Polarisierung der Erwerbseinkommen gesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund liefert der Kurzbericht eine 'Momentaufnahme' der Niedriglohnbeschäftigung in Deutschland und in 16 anderen europäischen Ländern im Jahr 2010. Die vergleichende Analyse zeigt die Bedeutung und die strukturelle Zusammensetzung des Niedriglohnsektors in den betrachteten Ländern. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, inwieweit die beobachteten Länderunterschiede mit institutionellen und politischen Faktoren zusammenhängen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    In 2010, 17% of employees in the EU were low-wage earners (2012)

    Bezzina, Eusebio;

    Zitatform

    Bezzina, Eusebio (2012): In 2010, 17% of employees in the EU were low-wage earners. (Statistics in focus 2012/48), Luxemburg, 7 S.

    Abstract

    "The proportion of low-wage earners in the EU was 21 % among women, 29 % among employees with a low level of education, 31 % among employees with a fixed duration working contract and 30 % among employees below 30 years of age." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Setting the minimum wage (2012)

    Boeri, Tito ;

    Zitatform

    Boeri, Tito (2012): Setting the minimum wage. In: Labour economics, Jg. 19, H. 3, S. 281-290. DOI:10.1016/j.labeco.2012.01.001

    Abstract

    "The process leading to the setting of the minimum wage so far has been overlooked by economists. There are two common ways of setting national minimum wages: they are either government legislated or the byproduct of collective bargaining agreements, which are extended erga omnes to all workers. We develop a simple model relating the level of the minimum wage to the setting regime. Next, we exploit a new data set on minimum wages in 68 countries having a statutory national minimum level of pay in the period 1981-2005. We find that a Government legislated minimum wage is lower than a wage floor set within collective agreements. This effect survives to several robustness checks and can be interpreted as a causal effect of the setting regime on the level of the minimum wage." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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