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Niedriglohnarbeitsmarkt

Immer mehr Beschäftigte arbeiten in Deutschland zu Niedriglöhnen. Vor allem junge Menschen sind davon betroffen. Bietet der Niedriglohnsektor eine Chance zum Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt oder ist er eine Sackgasse? Die IAB-Infoplattform erschließt Informationen zum Forschungsstand.

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im Aspekt "Europäische Union"
  • Literaturhinweis

    Redistribution across Europe: How much and to whom? (2021)

    Hammer, Bernhard; Poli, Silvia De; Christl, Michael ;

    Zitatform

    Hammer, Bernhard, Michael Christl & Silvia De Poli (2021): Redistribution across Europe: How much and to whom? (JRC working papers on taxation and structural reforms 2021-14), Seville, 28 S.

    Abstract

    "Governments face a potential trade-off between provision for the growing population in retirement and the support of working-age households with low income. Using EUROMOD-based microdata from 28 countries, we (a) quantify the redistribution to the pensioner and non-pensioner populations, (b) study the position of net beneficiaries in the overall income distribution and (c) analyse how taxes and benefits affect the working-age population with low income. Our results provide novel insights into the distributive role of tax-benefit systems across Europe. Interestingly, a strong overall redistribution between households is associated with generous pensions for a portion of the retirees but negatively related to support for low-income households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The Minimum Income Standard and equivalisation: reassessing relative costs of singles and couples and of adults and children (2021)

    Hirsch, Donald ; Math, Antoine; Padley, Matt; Pereirinha, José; Pereira, Elvira ; Thornton, Robert; Concialdi, Pierre;

    Zitatform

    Hirsch, Donald, Pierre Concialdi, Antoine Math, Matt Padley, Elvira Pereira, José Pereirinha & Robert Thornton (2021): The Minimum Income Standard and equivalisation. Reassessing relative costs of singles and couples and of adults and children. In: Journal of Social Policy, Jg. 50, H. 1, S. 148-167. DOI:10.1017/S0047279419001004

    Abstract

    "Equivalence scales, used to compare incomes across household types, strongly influence which households have low reported income, affecting public policy priorities. Yet they draw on abstract, often dated evidence and arbitrary judgements, and on comparisons across the income distribution rather than focusing on minimum requirements. Budget standards provide more tangible comparisons of the minimum required by different household types. The Minimum Income Standard (MIS) method, now established in several countries, applies a common methodological framework for compiling budgets, based on public deliberations. This article draws for the first time on results across countries. In all of the four countries examined, it identifies an under-estimation by the OECD scale of the relative cost of children compared to adults, and, in three of the four, an under-estimation of the cost of singles compared to couples. This more systematically corroborates previous, dispersed evidence, and helps explain which specific expenditure categories influence these results. These results have high policy relevance, showing greater proportions of low income households to contain children than standard income distribution data. While no single equivalence scale can be universally accurate, making use of evidence based directly on benchmarks such as MIS can help inform public priorities in tackling low income." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Armut und Medianentgelte - Implikationen aus dem 6. Armuts- und Reichtumsbericht der Bundesregierung: Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/153 ) (2021)

    Zitatform

    Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (2021): Armut und Medianentgelte - Implikationen aus dem 6. Armuts- und Reichtumsbericht der Bundesregierung. Antwort der Bundesregierung auf die Kleine Anfrage der Abgeordneten und der Fraktion der AfD (Drucksache 20/153 ). (Verhandlungen des Deutschen Bundestages. Drucksachen 20/276 (15.12.2021)), 16 S.

    Abstract

    Die ersten sechs Fragen/Antworten betreffen die Entwicklung der Armutsrisikoquote im Zeitverlauf in Deutschland (2000-2020) und im europäischen Vergleich für das Jahr 2020, die Aufwendungen für Sozialleistungen 2000-2019, sowie die Anzahl und den Anteil der Beschäftigten im unteren Entgeltbereich in den Jahren 2000 bis 2020. Als Grundlage für die Beantwortung der Fragen 7 bis 29 wurde das Merkmal 'Entgelt' aus der Beschäftigungsstatistik der Bundesagentur für Arbeit herangezogen. Dabei geht es im Einzelnen um die Anzahl und den Anteil der sozialversicherungspflichtig Vollzeitbeschäftigten der Kerngruppe im Anforderungsniveau 'Helfer', 'Fachkraft', 'Spezialist', der Kerngruppe in den Wirtschaftsabschnitten Gastgewerbe, Handel, Verkehr und Lagerei, Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen, Verarbeitendes Gewerbe, Erbringung von sonstigen wirtschaftlichen Dienstleistungen, in der Berufsgruppe 513, Lagerwirtschaft, Post und Zustellung, Güterumschlag, Fahrzeugführung im Straßenverkehr, Fahrzeugführung im Eisenbahnverkehr, Gewerbe- und Gesundheitsaufsicht, Desinfektion, Reinigung, Verkauf von Lebensmitteln, Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege, Altenpflege. Die weiteren Fragen betreffen die Anteile deutscher und ausländischer Staatsangehörigkeit, Asylherkunftsländer und die Ursachen für die zunehmende 'Erosion' der sozialen Lage der gesellschaftlichen Mitte. (IAB)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Stemming the tide: What have European Union countries done to support low-wage workers in an era of downward wage pressures? (2018)

    Marchal, Sarah ; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Marchal, Sarah & Ive Marx (2018): Stemming the tide. What have European Union countries done to support low-wage workers in an era of downward wage pressures? In: Journal of European social policy, Jg. 28, H. 1, S. 18-33. DOI:10.1177/0958928717704747

    Abstract

    "Governments across the European Union (EU) have been striving to get more people into work while at the same time acknowledging that more needs to be done to 'make work pay'. Yet this drive comes at a time when structural economic shifts are putting pressure on wages, especially of less skilled workers. This article focuses on trends in minimum wages, income taxes and work-related benefits within a selection of 15 EU countries, for the period 2001 - 2012, with three US states included as reference cases. We find evidence for eroding relative minimum wages in various EU countries, yet combined with catch-up growth in the new member states. We also find that governments counteracted eroding minimum wages through direct income support measures, especially for lone parents. Most prevalent among these were substantial declines in income tax liabilities." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Income support policies for the working poor (2017)

    Marchal, Sarah ; Verbist, Gerlinde; Marx, Ive ;

    Zitatform

    Marchal, Sarah, Ive Marx & Gerlinde Verbist (2017): Income support policies for the working poor. (IZA discussion paper 10665), Bonn, 16 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper asks what governments in the EU Member States and some US states are doing to support workers on low wages. Using model family simulations, we assess the policy measures currently in place to guarantee an adequate disposable income to working families, taking into account minimum wages, social security contributions, taxes and cash benefits. We show that despite increased efforts over the past decade, disposable incomes of certain types of minimum wage workers still fall well below the EU at-risk-of-poverty thresholds in many countries. Single earners with dependent children are especially at risk of poverty. We discuss the options for making progress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low pay and in-work poverty: preventative measures and preventative approaches. Evidence review (2016)

    McKnight, Abigail; Stewart, Kitty; Himmelweit, Sam Mohun; Palillo, Marco;

    Zitatform

    McKnight, Abigail, Kitty Stewart, Sam Mohun Himmelweit & Marco Palillo (2016): Low pay and in-work poverty. Preventative measures and preventative approaches. Evidence review. Brüssel, 136 S. DOI:10.2767/43829

    Abstract

    "This review pulls together the existing evidence from across the European Union on the effectiveness of different policy interventions aimed at reducing low pay and in-work poverty." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    The politics of the new welfare state (2013)

    Bonoli, Giuliano ; Natali, David; Häusermann, Silja; Hemerijck, Anton; Clegg, Daniel; Jenson, Jane; Davidsson, Johan B.; Keune, Maarten; Emmenegger, Patrick ; Naumann, Ingela; Clasen, Jochen ; Palier, Bruno; Ebbinghaus, Bernhard ; Crouch, Colin; Ferrera, Maurizio;

    Zitatform

    Häusermann, Silja, Anton Hemerijck, Daniel Clegg, Jane Jenson, Johan B. Davidsson, Maarten Keune, Patrick Emmenegger, Ingela Naumann, Jochen Clasen, Bruno Palier, Bernhard Ebbinghaus, Colin Crouch & Maurizio Ferrera (2013): The politics of the new welfare state. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 316 S.

    Abstract

    "Since the early 1990s, European welfare states have undergone substantial changes, in terms of objectives, areas of intervention, and instruments. Traditional programmes, such as old age pensions have been curtailed throughout the continent, while new functions have been taken up. At present, welfare states are expected to help non-working people back into employment, to complement work income for the working poor, to reconcile work and family life, to promote gender equality, to support child development, and to provide social services for an ageing society. The welfare settlement that is emerging at the beginning of the 21st century is nonetheless very different in terms of functions and instruments from the one inherited from the last century. This book seeks to offer a better understanding of the new welfare settlement, and to analyze the factors that have shaped the recent transformation." (Publisher information, IAB-Doku) ((en))
    Inhaltsverzeichnis:
    Giuliano Bonoli, David Natali: The Politics of the 'New' Welfare States: Analysing Reforms in Western Europe (3-17);
    Jane Jenson: A New Politics for the Social Investment Perspective: Objectives, Instruments, and Areas of Intervention in Welfare Regimes (21-44);
    Colin Crouch, Maarten Keune: The Governance of Economic Uncertainty: Beyond the 'New Social Risks' Analysis (45-67);
    Anton Hemerijck: Stress-testing the New Welfare State (68-90);
    Giuliano Bonoll: Blame Avoidance and Credit Claiming Revisited (93-110);
    Silja Häusermann: The Politics of Old and New Social Policies (111-132);
    Jochen Clasen, Daniel Clegg: Adapting Labour Market Policy to a Transformed Employment Structure: The Politics of 'Triple Integration' (135-157);
    Ingela Naumann: Childcare Politics in the 'New' Welfare State: Class, Religion, and Gender in the Shaping of Political Agendas (158-181);
    Bernhard Ebbinghaus: Europe's Transformations Towards a Renewed Pension System (182-205);
    Johan B. Davidsson, Patrick Emmenegger: Insider-Outsider Dynamics and the Reform of Job Security Legislation (206-229);
    Bruno Palier: Tuming Vice into Vice: How Bismarckian Welfare States have Gone from Unsustainability to Dualization (233-255);
    Maurizio Ferrera: The New Spatial Politics of Welfare in the EU (256-283);
    Giuliano Bonoli, David Natali: Multidimensional Transformations in the Early 21st Century Welfare States (287-306).

    Weiterführende Informationen

    Inhaltsverzeichnis im BVB
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  • Literaturhinweis

    Is the likelihood of poverty inherited? (2013)

    Grundiza, Sigita; Lopez Vilaplana, Cristina;

    Zitatform

    Grundiza, Sigita & Cristina Lopez Vilaplana (2013): Is the likelihood of poverty inherited? (Statistics in focus 2013/27), Luxemburg, 14 S.

    Abstract

    "One of the headline targets of the Europe 2020 strategy for jobs and smart, sustainable and inclusive growth is the reduction of poverty by lifting at least 20 million people out of the risk of poverty or social exclusion by 2020. Poverty is a multidimensional socioeconomic phenomenon caused both by aggregated factors such as macroeconomic, social and labour policies and by individual factors like level of education, health or social interaction in society. The analysis of intergenerational disadvantages is aimed at measuring the extent of transmission or persistence of individual factors through generations. The European Union statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) 2011 data are used for the purpose of the analysis." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union (2013)

    Laporšek, Suzana;

    Zitatform

    Laporšek, Suzana (2013): Minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union. In: Applied Economics Letters, Jg. 20, H. 14, S. 1288-1292. DOI:10.1080/13504851.2013.799752

    Abstract

    "The purpose of this article is to estimate minimum wage effects on youth employment in the European Union (EU). The analysis employs a panel regression method with fixed effects and uses data for 18 EU member states with statutory minimum wage over the period 1996 to 2011. The analysis is restricted to teenage workers between 15 and 19 years of age and young workers between 20 and 24 years of age. The study finds a negative, statistically significant impact of minimum wage on youth employment, by which the disemployment effect appears to be stronger for teenage workers. The effect remains negative and statistically significant also when controlled for other labour market institutions. Taking into account empirical results, we can conclude that EU countries should be more cautious when setting up minimum wages for young workers, as disemployment effects may have been downplayed." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Erwerbseinkommen: Deutsche Geringverdiener im europäischen Vergleich (2013)

    Rhein, Thomas;

    Zitatform

    Rhein, Thomas (2013): Erwerbseinkommen: Deutsche Geringverdiener im europäischen Vergleich. (IAB-Kurzbericht 15/2013), Nürnberg, 10 S.

    Abstract

    "Seit den 1990er Jahren ist die Lohnungleichheit in Deutschland deutlich gewachsen. Diese Entwicklung wird kontrovers wahrgenommen: Einerseits könnte die zunehmende Verbreitung von Niedriglöhnen die Chancen für Erwerbslose vergrößern, wieder in Arbeit zu kommen. Andererseits wird sie als Teil eines breiteren gesellschaftlichen - und sozialpolitisch problematischen - Trends zur Polarisierung der Erwerbseinkommen gesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund liefert der Kurzbericht eine 'Momentaufnahme' der Niedriglohnbeschäftigung in Deutschland und in 16 anderen europäischen Ländern im Jahr 2010. Die vergleichende Analyse zeigt die Bedeutung und die strukturelle Zusammensetzung des Niedriglohnsektors in den betrachteten Ländern. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, inwieweit die beobachteten Länderunterschiede mit institutionellen und politischen Faktoren zusammenhängen." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    In 2010, 17% of employees in the EU were low-wage earners (2012)

    Bezzina, Eusebio;

    Zitatform

    Bezzina, Eusebio (2012): In 2010, 17% of employees in the EU were low-wage earners. (Statistics in focus 2012/48), Luxemburg, 7 S.

    Abstract

    "The proportion of low-wage earners in the EU was 21 % among women, 29 % among employees with a low level of education, 31 % among employees with a fixed duration working contract and 30 % among employees below 30 years of age." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work: the perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project (2012)

    Hohnen, Pernille;

    Zitatform

    Hohnen, Pernille (2012): Capacities and vulnerabilities in precarious work. The perspective of employees in European low wage work. Synthesis report on employees' experiences and work trajectories for Workpackage 7 of the walqing project. Wien, 174 S.

    Abstract

    "The report discusses work and life quality in new and growing jobs from an individual perspective. The empirical data on which the analysis is based consists of 22 country reports investigating elderly care, cleaning, catering, waste collection and construction in 11 different countries (4-5 countries per sector, see the matrix table below). Each country report is based on 20-25 individual semi-structured interviews with employees working in the selected sector and business functions.
    The report consists of this introduction, five chapters, each focusing on one sector, and a conclusion. The chapters follow the same structure by starting with a brief introduction of the main characteristics of work in the sector. The remaining part of each chapter is organized into four sections. The first concentrates on workers' perceptions of the main quality of work and life issues. Then follows a section on agency, career trajectories and career options. The next section examines vulnerability in work and processes of vulnerabilization in the sector. Finally, the last section discusses workers' aspirations and capacities to aspire, followed by a summary and conclusion. The last concluding chapter discusses cross-sector findings in terms of the impact of new and growing jobs on individual lives, and highlights some trends in the present labour market and their possible implications for vulnerability." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Has the economic crisis contributed to more segmentation in labour market and welfare outcomes? (2012)

    Leschke, Janine;

    Zitatform

    Leschke, Janine (2012): Has the economic crisis contributed to more segmentation in labour market and welfare outcomes? (European Trade Union Institute. Working paper 2012,02), Brussels, 49 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper analyses whether developments on the labour market and in the welfare system during the economic crisis can be seen as perpetuating the trend towards labour market segmentation or whether the crisis may actually have contributed to containing some of the divisions forged in recent decades. The emphasis is placed on (involuntary) part-time and temporary employment. With regard to labour market developments, the author demonstrates a further segmentation during the crisis, in particular for youth and people with low educational levels who have been disproportionately affected by unemployment. Due to data deficiencies, it is difficult to judge conclusively whether the crisis has contributed to more or to less segmentation in welfare coverage. In fact, there seems to be a division between countries in this regard and the deliberate opening up of unemployment schemes in several countries to new groups of workers during the crisis can clearly be seen as a positive trend contrasting with developments over recent decades." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Low pay, in-work poverty and economic vulnerability: a comparative analysis using EU-SILC (2012)

    Maitre, Bertrand; Nolan, Brian ; Whelan, Christopher T.;

    Zitatform

    Maitre, Bertrand, Brian Nolan & Christopher T. Whelan (2012): Low pay, in-work poverty and economic vulnerability. A comparative analysis using EU-SILC. In: The Manchester School, Jg. 80, H. 1, S. 99-116. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9957.2011.02230.x

    Abstract

    "We explore the potential of data from EU-SILC ('Statistics on Income and Living Conditions') for the enlarged European Union for the study of low pay and its relationship to household poverty and vulnerability. Limitations of the earnings data currently available mean the analysis covers only 14 of these countries. For employees who are not low paid, income poverty is seen to be rare. The low paid face a much higher risk of being in a household below relative income poverty thresholds, ranging from 7 per cent in Belgium and the Netherlands up to 17-18 per cent in Austria, Estonia and Lithuania. The likelihood of their being in a poor household is clearly linked to gender, age and social class. In most of the countries only a minority of low-paid individuals are in vulnerable households." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Mind the gap: Net incomes of minimum wage workers in the EU and the US (2012)

    Marx, Ive ; Marchal, Sarah ; Nolan, Brian ;

    Zitatform

    Marx, Ive, Sarah Marchal & Brian Nolan (2012): Mind the gap: Net incomes of minimum wage workers in the EU and the US. (IZA discussion paper 6510), Bonn, 25 S.

    Abstract

    "This paper focuses on the role of minimum wages, tax and benefit policies in protecting workers against financial poverty, covering 21 European countries with a national minimum wage and three US States (New Jersey, Nebraska and Texas). It is shown that only for single persons and only in a number of countries, net income packages at minimum wage level reach or exceed the EU's at-risk-of poverty threshold, set at 60 per cent of median equivalent household income in each country. For lone parents and sole breadwinners with a partner and children to support, net income packages at minimum wage are below this threshold almost everywhere, usually by a wide margin. This is the case despite shifts over the past decade towards tax relief and additional income support provisions for low-paid workers. We argue that there appear to be limits to what minimum wage policies alone can achieve in the fight against in-work poverty. The route of raising minimum wages to eliminate poverty among workers solely reliant on it seems to be inherently constrained, especially in countries where the distance between minimum and average wage levels is already comparatively small and where relative poverty thresholds are mostly a function of the dual-earner living standards. In order to fight in-work poverty new policy routes need to be explored. The paper offers a brief discussion of possible alternatives and cautions against 'one size fits all' policy solutions." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Who earns minimum wages in Europe?: new evidence based on household surveys (2012)

    Rycx, François ; Kampelmann, Stephan ;

    Zitatform

    Rycx, François & Stephan Kampelmann (2012): Who earns minimum wages in Europe? New evidence based on household surveys. (Report / European Trade Union Institute 124), Brüssel, 64 S.

    Abstract

    "Minimum wages continue to stir controversial policy debates. This study contributes to a better understanding of minimum wages by providing a solid empirical assessment of minimum wage policies and their socio-economic consequences for a range of European countries. In addition to qualitative differences between minimum wage systems, the report documents international variations in the (absolute and relative) levels of minimum wages. An important contribution of the study is to provide a statistical panorama of the population of minimum wage earners." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Travail et précarité: les "working poor" en Europe (2011)

    Lestrade, Brigitte; Kizaba, Godefroy; Gouaze, Serge; Losson, Maiwenn; Heritier, Monique; Rousseau, Sandrine; Mäkelä, Marjaana; Biseux, Christophe; Boutillier, Sophie; Whitton, Timothy; Devetter, Francois; Tisseau des Escotais, Josette; Naumann, Michel; Schumacher, Alois; Burgos-Vigna, Diana; Sanchez-Munoz, Marion; Bouchet, Hubert; Salles, Anne; Escande-Varniol, Marie-Cecile; Rudolph, Helmut;

    Zitatform

    Lestrade, Brigitte (Hrsg.) (2011): Travail et précarité. Les "working poor" en Europe. (Logiques sociales), Paris: Harmattan, 267 S.

    Abstract

    "Depuis la fin des trente glorieuses, la pauvreté s'accroît, la pauvreté des enfants, des familles monoparentales, des personnes âgées. Plus récemment la pauvreté a pris un nouveau visage, celui des 'working poor', ces salariés qui ont un emploi, mais qui ne parviennent pas à vivre du fruit de leur travail. Comment expliquer ce phénomène ? Quelles aides proposer aux salariés pauvres ? Le SMIG est-il efficace ? L'emploi est-il la meilleure protection contre la pauvreté ?" (Extrait de texte, IAB-Doku) ((fr))
    Table de matieres:
    Les travailleurs pauvres - faillite du systme ou da pour l'avenir?
    Brigitte Lestrade: Le devcloppement du phenomene des travailleurs pauvres - un defi pour les societes europeennes (15-32);
    Alois Schumacher: Les travailleurs pauvres, un defi pour les institutions europeennes (33-46);
    Diana Burgos-Vigna: Travail et pauvrcte au Perou : requation de l'informalite (47-59);
    La croissance de la precarit : un regard sur les speificites des contextes nationaux
    Marie-Cecilc Escande-Varniol: Les contrats de travail precaires en France et en Allemagne (63-75);
    Marjaana Mäkelä: Le travail interimaire en Finlande (77-86);
    Christophe Biseux: Typologie des travailleurs pauvrcs : l'exemple du Royaumc-Uni (89-94);
    Monique Heritier: Crise en Espagne : la multiplication des travailleurs pauvres, une fatalité? (95-106);
    Josette Tisseau des Escotais: L'economie informelle aux Canaries (107-122);
    Vers une approche sociologique des travailleurs pauvres
    Anne Salles: L'impact du cadre institutionnel sur la pauvretö des familles mono-parentales - le cas de l'Allemagne (125-147);
    Francois Devetter, Sandrine Rousseau: Les services ä la personne et les working poor, des liens ambigus (149-164);
    Sophie Boutillier, Godefroy Kizaba: Les nouvcaux entrepreneurs : une nouvelle poche dc pauvretö, essai d'analysc ä partir d'une enquöte sur le terrain (165-184);
    Marion Sanchez-Munoz: Les intellectuels pröcaires en France et en Allemagne - choix personnel ou contrainte économique ? (185-190);
    Les pouvoirs publics face à l'accroissement du nombre de travailleurs pauvres
    Michel Naumann: Défaillance de l'Etat et émergence de nouveaux pauvres - les analyscs d'Eric Hobsbawm au 21eme siecle (193-198);
    Helmut Rudolph: Le rôle des allocations sociales dans le combat contre la pauvreté en Allemagne (199-214);
    Serge Gouaze: Entre le salaire minimum et l'allocation universelle, quel paradigme de la justice sociale pour les travaillcurs pauvres? (215-225);
    Maiwenn Losson: Le Rcvenu de Solidarite Active (RSA), une solution miracle? (227-240);
    Timothy Whitton: La protection des working poor en Grande-Bretagne. Des Wages Councils au salaire minimum interprofessionnel (241-257).

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Autonomie oder Armut? Zur Sicherung gleicher Chancen materieller Wohlfahrt durch Erwerbsarbeit (2011)

    Lohmann, Henning; Andreß, Hans-Jürgen ;

    Zitatform

    Lohmann, Henning & Hans-Jürgen Andreß (2011): Autonomie oder Armut? Zur Sicherung gleicher Chancen materieller Wohlfahrt durch Erwerbsarbeit. In: WSI-Mitteilungen, Jg. 64, H. 4, S. 178-187. DOI:10.5771/0342-300X-2011-4-178

    Abstract

    "Der Beitrag untersucht die Frage, inwieweit Erwerbsarbeit in den Ländern Europas ein ausreichendes Einkommen sichert, das die Erwerbsperson und die von ihr abhängigen Familienmitglieder vor Armut schützt. Es wird argumentiert, dass Ausmaß und Struktur der Armut Erwerbstätiger durch das Zusammenspiel von Marktbedingungen, Formen familiären Zusammenlebens und wohlfahrtsstaatlichen Interventionen erklärt werden müssen. Unter Verwendung der EU-Gemeinschaftsstatistik über Einkommen und Lebensbedingungen (EU-SILC) und des Europäischen Haushaltspanels (ECHP) werden Armutsquoten Erwerbstätiger differenziert nach Ländern, Zeitpunkten (1994-2008) und ausgewählten Gruppen Erwerbstätiger." (Autorenreferat, IAB-Doku)

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Labour-market polarisation and elementary occupations in Europe: blip or long-term trend? (2011)

    Zitatform

    European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (2011): Labour-market polarisation and elementary occupations in Europe. Blip or long-term trend? (CEDEFOP research paper 09), Thessaloniki, 62 S. DOI:10.2801/42045

    Abstract

    "European countries continue to experience significant changes in their economic and occupational structures, exposing workers and firms to rapidly evolving knowledge, skills and competence needs. From 1998 to 2008, an occupational polarisation emerged for the first time in Europe, with a concomitant rising demand at the upper and lower ends of the occupational skill distribution. In this paper, particular attention is given to elementary occupations. Much of the phenomenon can be traced back to macroeconomic trends and structural changes between sectors. The increasing labour supply of non-national workers, and some institutional characteristics, are also likely to be significant explanatory factors. In contrast, technological progress and/or work content changes seem to play a minor role., A more qualitative and institutionally oriented approach would contribute to better understanding of the phenomenon and to assessing whether a relative increase in elementary occupations will persist in the near future." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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  • Literaturhinweis

    Employment and social developments in Europe 2011 (2011)

    Zitatform

    Europäische Kommission. Generaldirektion Beschäftigung, Soziales und Integration (2011): Employment and social developments in Europe 2011. (Employment and social developments in Europe : annual review 01), Brüssel, 286 S. DOI:10.2767/44905

    Abstract

    "The economic, financial and sovereign debt crises and subsequent austerity measures underline the need for a more integrated approach to employment and social policy. This review merges two previous European Commission reports on these areas. It begins with an overview of the current European employment and social situation before looking at recent shifts in Europe's job structure and in income inequality. The review then examines patterns of poverty and social exclusion in Europe and the phenomenon of in-work poverty. Issues of active ageing, intra-EU labour mobility and the impact of enlargement are also covered." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))

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